Hessian是一個輕量級的remoting on http工具,使用簡單的方法提供了RMI(Remote Method Invocation,遠程方法調用)的功能。採用的是二進位RPC(Remote Procedure Call Protocol,遠端程序呼叫協議)協議,因為採用的是二進位協議,所以它很適合於發送位元據。
在進行基於Hessian的項目開發時,應當注意以下幾點:
▲JAVA伺服器端必須具備以下幾點:
·包含Hessian的jar包。
·設計一個介面,用來給用戶端調用。
·實現該介面的功能。
·配置web.xml,配好相應的servlet。
·對象必須實現Serializable 介面。
·對於複雜對像可以使用Map的方法傳遞。
▲用戶端必須具備以下幾點:
·java用戶端包含Hessian.jar的包。
·具有和伺服器端結構一樣的介面。
·利用HessianProxyFactory調用遠程介面。
下面是一個hessian的簡單例子
情境1:服務端 用戶端都不使用spring
Java伺服器端:
環境:j2sdk1.4.2、Tomcat6.0
依賴的包:hessian-3.1.6.jar
建立一個名為HessianServer的web project。將hessian-3.2.0.jar放入WEB-INF/lib檔案夾中。
建立介面
package com.mooing.hessian;
public interface DemoApi {
public void setName(String name);
public String sayHello();
public User getUser();
}
實現介面
package com.mooing.hessian;
public class DemoService implements DemoApi{
private String name;
@Override
public void setName(String name) {
this.name=name;
}
@Override
public String sayHello() {
System.out.println("hello,world!");
return "hello:"+name;
}
@Override
public User getUser() {
return new User("ming","m123");
}
}
建立User,注意實現序列化
package com.mooing.hessian;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name = "kitty";
private String psw = "nopww";
public User() {
}
public User(String name, String psw) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.psw = psw;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPsw() {
return psw;
}
public void setPsw(String psw) {
this.psw = psw;
}
}
配置web.xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>hessian</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>service-class</param-name>
<param-value>com.mooing.hessian.DemoService</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>hessian</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/helloworld</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
用戶端代碼
注意如果建立用戶端工程,需引入上述jar,還需要服務端匯出DemoService和User兩個類的jar,放入lib。或建立兩個一摸一樣的類。
package com.mooing.hessian;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
public class HessianClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
String url = "http://localhost:8080/jms1/helloworld";
HessianProxyFactory pf = new HessianProxyFactory();
DemoApi da = (DemoApi) pf.create(url);
da.setName("test");
System.out.println(da.sayHello());
System.out.println(da.getUser());
}
}
tomcat啟動服務端,運行用戶端,結果如下
hello:test
ming
m123
情境2:服務端 用戶端都使用spring(在上述基礎上)
依賴的包:
1. Hessian包:hessian-3.1.6.jar
2. spring-framework-2.0.2包:
a) aopalliance.jar
b) commons-logging.jar
c) log4j-1.2.14.jar
d) spring.jar
e) spring-aop.jar
f) spring-beans.jar
g) spring-context.jar
h) spring-core.jar
i) spring-jdbc.jar
j) spring-jms.jar
k) spring-web.jar
l) spring-webmvc.jar
配置web.xml,web.xml中增加:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>remote</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>namespace</param-name>
<param-value>classes/remote-servlet</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>remote</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/remote/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
以下是remote-servlet.xml的內容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 注入內部實現介面 -->
<bean id="demoService" class="com.mooing.hessian.DemoService" />
<!-- 注入hessian發布介面 name為調用名稱-->
<bean name="/helloDemo" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">
<!-- 關聯結口實現 -->
<property name="service" ref="demoService" />
<!-- 關聯結口 -->
<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi" />
</bean>
</beans>
1) 如果用戶端不使用spring,用戶端代碼如下
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
import com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi;
public class ClientSpring {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
String url = "http://localhost:8080/jms1/remote/helloDemo";
HessianProxyFactory pf = new HessianProxyFactory();
DemoApi da = (DemoApi) pf.create(url);
da.setName("test");
System.out.println(da.sayHello());
System.out.println(da.getUser());
}
}
2) 如果用戶端使用spring,需要匯入上述jar,在用戶端工程src目錄下,建立一個remote-hessian.xml,這個檔案可隨意命名,內容為:
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="helloDemo" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="serviceUrl">
<value>
http://localhost:8080/jms1/remote/helloDemo
</value>
</property>
<property name="serviceInterface">
<value>com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
用戶端代碼
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
import com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi;
public class ClientSpring {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
// String url = "http://localhost:8080/jms1/remote/helloDemo";
// HessianProxyFactory pf = new HessianProxyFactory();
// DemoApi da = (DemoApi) pf.create(url);
// da.setName("test");
// System.out.println(da.sayHello());
// System.out.println(da.getUser());
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("remote-hessian.xml");
DemoApi da = (DemoApi) context.getBean("helloDemo");
da.setName("test spring");
System.out.println(da.sayHello());
System.out.println(da.getUser());
}
}