虛擬機器VMWARE中ORACLE License的計算方式

Oracle License的計算有兩種方式：按照使用者數和CPU個數. 其中按CPU計算方式如下：

License Number = The Number of CPU Cores  *  Core Factor

其中Core Factor 可以參考官方文檔 Oracle Processor Core Factor 。

如果Oracle 安裝在VMWARE 上，是否也是按照這個方式計算呢？ 也就是說，在虛擬機器VMWARE上Oracle的License計算是否也是按照分配CPU核心數來計算的呢？ 關於虛擬機器上ORACLE的License計算，ORACLE 引入了下面 Soft partitioning (軟分區)和Hard partitioning (硬分區)概念(如下所示),而且明確規定 VMware是軟分區，並且規定Soft partitioning is not permitted as a means to determine or limit the number of software licenses required for any given server。

也就是說在一台物理機上,假如如下所示，虛擬了一台Linux伺服器做Oracle Database Server， 虛擬了另外一台Windows伺服器做SQL Server伺服器，物理機上有2個物理CPU，每個4 Core，平均分配給這兩個伺服器，此時Oracle的License計算是

License Number = 2* 4*0.5= 4 而不是  License Number = 1*4*0.5= 2.

也就是說，不管是分配兩核、四核、多核給Oracle 資料庫伺服器，Oracle License的計算都不以分配的核心數計算，而是以物理機CPU核心數來計算。

這樣雖然不合理，但是也沒有辦法。至於為什麼Oracle在VMWARE上這樣計算License，就不得而知了。有可能是處於商業戰略考慮，也有可能是處於打擊商業對手。

http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/pricing/partitioning-070609.pdf

Oracle Partitioning Policy

"Partitioning" occurs when the CPUs on a server are separated into individual sections where each section acts as a separate system. Sometimes this is called “segmenting.” There are several hardware and software virtualization technologies available that deliver partitioning capabilities, with varying degree of resource allocation flexibility.

The purpose of this policy document is to define which of these partitioning technologies is deemed to be Soft, Hard or an Oracle Trusted Partition, and under what conditions Oracle permits them as a means to determine or limit the number of Oracle Processor licenses required for a given server, i.e., to license a sub-capacity of total physical cores as an exception from the contractual Oracle Processor definition. Oracle may modify the definitions and conditions specified in this document from time to time.

There are two main types of partitioning available:

Soft Partitioning:

Soft partitioning segments the operating system using OS resource managers. The operating system limits the number of CPUs where an Oracle database is running by creating areas where CPU resources are allocated to applications within the same operating system. This is a flexible way of managing data processing resources since the CPU capacity can be changed fairly easily, as additional resource is needed.

Examples of such partitioning type include: Solaris 9 Resource Containers, AIX Workload Manager, HP Process Resource Manager, Affinity Management, Oracle VM, and VMware

Soft partitioning is not permitted as a means to determine or limit the number of software

licenses required for any given server.

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