基於Nginx實現一個自己的HTTP模組

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/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf檔案例如以下：

#worker背景工作處理序的使用者及使用者組user  weijl;#Nginx worker進程個數worker_processes  1;#error日誌的設定，預設logs/error.log error#error_log  logs/error.log;#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;#error_log  logs/error.log  info;#pid檔案的路徑#pid        logs/nginx.pid;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    #嵌入設定檔mime.types    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    #log_format  main  ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘    #                  ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘    #                  ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;    sendfile        on;    #tcp_nopush     on;    #keepalive_timeout  0;    keepalive_timeout  65;    #gzip  on;    upstream test.proxy.com {        #ip_hash;        server 192.168.0.7;        server 192.168.0.8;    }    server {        listen       127.0.0.1:80;        server_name  test.proxy.com;        #charset koi8-r;        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;        location / {            root   html;            index  index.html index.htm;        }        #error_page  404              /404.html;        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html        #        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }#靜態圖片資源location /image/ {            root /home/weijl/workspace/;            autoindex on;        } #反向 Proxy        location /proxy_loc/ {    root html;            proxy_set_header Host $host;            proxy_pass http://test.proxy.com;            #禁用緩衝            proxy_buffering off;    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;             proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;    client_max_body_size 100m;        }#實現自己的HTTP模組location /test {    mytest;    root html;}        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80        #        #location ~ \.php$ {        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;        #}        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000        #        #location ~ \.php$ {        #    root           html;        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;        #    include        fastcgi_params;        #}        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root        # concurs with nginx‘s one        #        #location ~ /\.ht {        #    deny  all;        #}    }    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration    #    #server {    #    listen       8000;    #    listen       somename:8080;    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;    #    location / {    #        root   html;    #        index  index.html index.htm;    #    }    #}    # HTTPS server    #    #server {    #    listen       443 ssl;    #    server_name  localhost;    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;    #    location / {    #        root   html;    #        index  index.html index.htm;    #    }    #}}

匹配uri,在/usr/local/nginx/html/檔案夾下建立檔案夾test:

[email protected]:/usr/local/nginx/html$ sudo mkdir test

[email protected]:/usr/local/nginx/html$ sudo chmod -R 777 test/

實現自己的HTTP模組C代碼/home/weijl/workspace/nginx-1.10.3/src/http/ngx_http_mytest_module.c例如以下：

#include <ngx_config.h>#include <ngx_core.h>#include <ngx_http.h>//請求包體接收完後回調的函數void ngx_http_mytest_body_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r){}//HTTP的HTTP_CONTENT_PHASE階段mytest模組介入處理http請求內容static ngx_int_t ngx_http_mytest_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r){//必須時GET或者HEAD方法，否則返回405 Not Allowedif(!(r->method &(NGX_HTTP_GET | NGX_HTTP_HEAD))){    ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, r->connection->log, 0, "weijl NGX_HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED");return NGX_HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED;}//丟棄請求中的包體ngx_int_t rc = ngx_http_discard_request_body(r);if(rc != NGX_OK){ ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, r->connection->log, 0, "weijl rc=%d", rc);return rc;}/*設定返回的Content_Type。
注意，ngx_str_t有一個非常方便的初始化宏ngx_string,它能夠把ngx_str_t的data和len成員都設定好*/ngx_str_t type = ngx_string("text/plain");//返回的包體內容ngx_str_t response = ngx_string("Hello world! Here is the first Nginx HTTP program!");ngx_str_t ress = ngx_string("<html>\r\n<head>\r\n<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>\r\n</head>\r\n<body bgcolor=\"white\" text=\"black\">\r\n<center><h1>Welcome to 192.168.0.7</h1></center>\r\n</body>\r\n</html>\r\n");//設定返回狀態代碼r->headers_out.status = NGX_HTTP_OK;//響應包是由包體內容的，須要設定Conten-Length長度r->headers_out.content_length_n = response.len + ress.len;//設定Content-Typer->headers_out.content_type = type;//發送HTTP頭部rc = ngx_http_send_header(r);if(rc == NGX_ERROR || rc > NGX_OK || r->header_only){ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, r->connection->log, 0, "weijl rc=%d", rc);return rc;}//構造ngx_buf_t結構體準備發送包體ngx_buf_t *b, *bs;b = ngx_create_temp_buf(r->pool, response.len);if(NULL == b){    ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, r->connection->log, 0, "weijl b=NULL");return NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;}//將Hello World拷貝到ngx_buf_t指向的記憶體中ngx_memcpy(b->pos, response.data, response.len);//注意，一定要設定好last指標b->last = b->pos + response.len;//聲明這是最後一塊緩衝區b->last_buf = 0;bs = ngx_create_temp_buf(r->pool, ress.len);if(NULL == bs){ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, r->connection->log, 0, "weijl bs=NULL");return NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;}//將ress拷貝到ngx_buf_t指向的記憶體中ngx_memcpy(bs->pos, ress.data, ress.len);//注意，一定要設定好last指標bs->last = bs->pos + ress.len;//聲明這是最後一塊緩衝區bs->last_buf = 1;//構造發送時的ngx_chain_t結構體ngx_chain_t out, outs;out.buf = b;//設定next為NULLout.next = &outs;outs.buf = bs;outs.next = NULL;ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ERR, r->connection->log, 0, "weijl 最後一步為發送包體。發送結束後HTTP架構會調用ngx_http_finalize_request方法結束請求\n");//最後一步為發送包體。發送結束後HTTP架構會調用ngx_http_finalize_request方法結束請求return ngx_http_output_filter(r, &out);}//沒有什麼工作必須在HTTP架構初始化時完畢，不必實現ngx_http_module_t的8個回調方法static ngx_http_module_t ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx ={NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL};//“mytest”配置項解析的回調方法static char *ngx_http_mytest(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf){ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t  *clcf;clcf = ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(cf, ngx_http_core_module);clcf->handler = ngx_http_mytest_handler;return NGX_CONF_OK;}//mytest配置項的處理static ngx_command_t  ngx_http_mytest_commands[] = {{ngx_string("mytest"),NGX_HTTP_MAIN_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_LMT_CONF | NGX_CONF_NOARGS,ngx_http_mytest,//在出現配置項mytest時調用ngx_http_mytest解析NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,0,NULL},//很多其它的配置項能夠在這裡定義ngx_null_command};//定義mytest模組ngx_module_t  ngx_http_mytest_module = {    NGX_MODULE_V1,    &ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx,             /* module context */    ngx_http_mytest_commands,                /* module directives */    NGX_HTTP_MODULE,                       /* module type */    NULL,                                  /* init master */    NULL,                                  /* init module */    NULL,                                  /* init process */    NULL,                                  /* init thread */    NULL,                                  /* exit thread */    NULL,                                  /* exit process */    NULL,                                  /* exit master */    NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING};

將自己的HTTP模組代碼編譯進Nginx

在檔案夾/home/weijl/workspace/nginx-1.10.3/src/http/下建立檔案config:

[email protected]:~/workspace/nginx-1.10.3/src/http$ sudo touch config

config檔案內容例如以下：

ngx_addon_name=ngx_http_mytest_module
HTTP_MODULES="$HTTP_MODULES ngx_http_mytest_module"
NGX_ADDON_SRCS="$NGX_ADDON_SRCS $ngx_addon_dir/ngx_http_mytest_module.c"

開始nginx的編譯與又一次安裝

進入Nginx源碼檔案夾/home/weijl/workspace/nginx-1.10.3下，依次運行例如以下命令：

[email protected]:~/workspace/nginx-1.10.3$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_realip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_addition_module --with-pcre=/home/weijl/download/pcre-8.39 --with-openssl=/home/weijl/download/openssl-1.1.0e --with-http_ssl_module --with-zlib=/home/weijl/download/zlib-1.2.11 --add-module=/home/weijl/workspace/nginx-1.10.3/src/http

[email protected]:~/workspace/nginx-1.10.3$ sudo make

[email protected]:~/workspace/nginx-1.10.3$ sudo make install

開始測實驗證

在瀏覽器中輸入localhost:80/test,結果

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基於Nginx實現一個自己的HTTP模組