標籤:centos、apache、apr、apr-util、pcre
CentOS下安裝Apache步驟詳解
一、實驗環境
Linux: CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
Apache: httpd-2.4.23.tar.gz
VMware: VMware 10.0
宿主機: Win10 x64
二、Apache介紹
Apache一款 Web伺服器軟體。它可以運行在幾乎所有廣泛使用的電腦平台上,由於其跨平台和安全性被廣泛使用,是最流行的Web伺服器端軟體之一。它快速、可靠並且可通過簡單的API擴充,將Perl/Python等解譯器編譯到伺服器中。同時Apache音譯為阿帕奇,是北美印第安人的一個部落,叫阿帕奇族。
三、安裝包下載及其環境要求
Apache所需依賴環境有 apr、apr-util、pcre,還有編譯源碼需要的gcc和gcc-c++,所示安裝包和我使用的版本
安裝包 |
|
我下載使用的版本 |
apache |
http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi |
httpd-2.4.23.tar.gz |
apr |
http://apr.apache.org/ |
apr-1.5.2.tar.gz |
apr-util |
http://apr.apache.org/ |
apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz |
pcre |
http://www.pcre.org/ |
pcre-8.39.tar.gz |
注意:gcc和gcc-c++使用rpm或者yum方式安裝,pcre下載的時候一定要看清楚是pcre還是pcre2,因我下載了pcre2,安裝了好幾次都失敗,最後發現是因為安裝包下載錯誤。
強烈建議看一下官方文檔:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html
四、安裝過程
1、配置CentOS-Base.repo, 安裝gcc、gcc-c++配置網路yum源的方法(http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23683795-id-3477603.html),配置完成後執行:
[[email protected]~]# yum -y install gcc
[[email protected]~]# yum -y install gcc-c++
2、安裝依賴包和Apache HTTPServer
2.1使用FTP工具上傳httpd、apr、apr-util、pcre壓縮包至/usr/local/mypackages/
[[email protected]~]# cd /usr/local/mypackagers/
[[email protected]]# ls
apr-1.5.2.tar.gzapr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz httpd-2.4.23.tar.gz pcre-8.39.tar.gz
2.2安裝apr:
[[email protected]]# tar xvf apr-1.5.2
[[email protected]]# cd apr-1.5.2
[[email protected]]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[[email protected]]#make && install
2.3安裝apr
[[email protected]]# tar xvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd apr-util-1.5.4
[[email protected]]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util--with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[[email protected]]#make && install
2.3安裝pcre
[[email protected]]# tar xvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd pcre-8.39
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
[[email protected]]# make && make install
2.4安裝httpd
[[email protected]]#tar xvf httpd-2.4.23.tar.gz
[[email protected]]# cd httpd-2.4.23
[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/
[[email protected]]#make && make install
五、啟動和設定開機自啟
1、開放80連接埠或關閉防火牆,詳見下面防火牆配置,啟動apache服務:
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start,瀏覽器輸入:http://IP地址:80,出現It works!證明Apache已經安裝成功。
2、設定開機自啟動
echo"/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
六、安裝啟動過程排錯
1、configure:error: APR / APR-util not found. Pleaseread the documentation.表示apr/apr-util沒有安裝,先安裝apr,再安裝apr-util,因為apr-util依賴apr,安裝apr和apr-util之前需安裝gcc工具,否則會提示configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH.
2、configure: error: pcre-config forlibpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/,是因為pcre沒有安裝,安裝pcre之前需要先安裝gcc-c++,否則會提示configure: error: You need aC++ compiler for C++ support.
3、ServerName伺服器網域名稱
[[email protected]~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
AH00558:httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name,using::1. Set the ‘ServerName‘ directive globally to suppress this message
[[email protected]]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[[email protected]]# vi httpd.conf
在#ServerName www.example.com:80下增加一條 ServerName localhost:80
4、連接埠佔用
[[email protected]~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
httpd(pid 38477) already running
[[email protected]~]# ps aux | grep httpd
[[email protected]~]# kill -9 38477 //有好幾個進程,以此進行kill
[[email protected]~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
5、防火牆開放80連接埠或直接關閉防火牆
如Apache後台服務已啟動,但是瀏覽器訪問不了,可能由於防火牆阻擋,兩種方式解決:
5.1開放80連接埠,推薦使用
[[email protected] ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -jACCEPT //開放80連接埠
[[email protected] ~]# service iptables save //儲存策略
iptables: Saving firewall rules to/etc/sysconfig/iptables:[ OK ]
[[email protected] ~]# service iptables status //有下面一行證明80連接埠已開放
1 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80
5.2關閉防火牆,並設為防火牆開啟不啟動
[[email protected]~]# service iptables stop //關閉防火牆
iptables:Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables:Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables:Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[[email protected]~]# chkconfig |grep iptables //2345為on表示開機自啟
iptables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[[email protected]~]# chkconfig iptables off //設定iptables開機不自啟
[[email protected]~]# chkconfig |grep iptables //2345為off為開機不自啟
iptables 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
-----蔥花子 2016-12-20
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本文出自 “蔥花子” 部落格,請務必保留此出處http://myitpp.blog.51cto.com/12252179/1884395
CentOS下安裝Apache步驟詳解