簡介
我們繼續承接上節課說的,接著學習 Database-Seeding 的工作原理:
Database-Seeding 命令列參數
首先,我們執行 php artisan help db:seed 看看發生什麼,結果如所示:
預設情況下,我們沒有寫 –class 參數即啟動 seeder,會自動調用 DatabaseSeeder;
SeedCommand Seed命令列
通過 IDE(猜測類名為SeederCommand或位置) 定位到 SeedCommad.php ,執行入口方法為 fire() 後續會詳細說明,先總體瞭解類中方法,具體代碼及注釋如下:
class SeedCommand extends Command{ //引用確認提示 use ConfirmableTrait; /** * The console command name. * * @var string */ protected $name = 'db:seed'; /** * The console command description. * * @var string */ protected $description = 'Seed the database with records'; /** * The connection resolver instance. * * @var \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface */ protected $resolver; /** * Create a new database seed command instance. * * @param \Illuminate\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface $resolver * @return void */ public function __construct(Resolver $resolver) { parent::__construct(); $this->resolver = $resolver; } /** * Execute the console command. * 執行console命令列 * @return void */ public function fire() { if (!$this->confirmToProceed()) { return; } $this->resolver->setDefaultConnection($this->getDatabase()); // 擷取相應 Seeder,並調用其 run 方法 $this->getSeeder()->run(); } /** * Get a seeder instance from the container. * 擷取輸入的class參數, * @return \Illuminate\Database\Seeder */ protected function getSeeder() { // 從輸入的class參數,擷取Seeder;相當於App::make('className'),預設為 DatabaseSeeder $class = $this->laravel->make($this->input->getOption('class')); return $class->setContainer($this->laravel)->setCommand($this); } /** * Get the name of the database connection to use. * 擷取要使用的資料庫連結名稱 * @return string */ protected function getDatabase() { // 擷取輸入database 參數值 $database = $this->input->getOption('database'); // 如果沒有輸入database 參數值,則擷取設定檔中預設資料庫即config\database.php中default參數value return $database ?: $this->laravel['config']['database.default']; } /** * Get the console command options. * 擷取console命令列參數 * @return array */ protected function getOptions() { return [ ['class', null, InputOption::VALUE_OPTIONAL, 'The class name of the root seeder', 'DatabaseSeeder'], ['database', null, InputOption::VALUE_OPTIONAL, 'The database connection to seed'], ['force', null, InputOption::VALUE_NONE, 'Force the operation to run when in production.'], ]; }}
fire 方法
使用者執行 console 命令,即調用 SeedCommand 類中 fire 方法,fire 方法中先通過引用 use ConfirmableTrait , 調用相關 confirmToProceed 方法,來確認是否繼續,具體代碼及注釋如下:
trait ConfirmableTrait{ /** * Confirm before proceeding with the action. * 在進行動作之前確認 * @param string $warning * @param \Closure|bool|null $callback * @return bool */ public function confirmToProceed($warning = 'Application In Production!', $callback = null) { // 擷取預設確認資訊,如果$callback為空白則尋找預設環境變數,production則為ture $callback = is_null($callback) ? $this->getDefaultConfirmCallback() : $callback; // 是否需要確認資訊 $shouldConfirm = $callbackinstanceof Closure ? call_user_func($callback) : $callback; if ($shouldConfirm) { // 如果參數有force,則直接返回true,標識已確認 if ($this->option('force')) { return true; } // 輸出確認提示警示資訊 $this->comment(str_repeat('*', strlen($warning) + 12)); $this->comment('* ' . $warning . ' *'); $this->comment(str_repeat('*', strlen($warning) + 12)); $this->output->writeln(''); $confirmed = $this->confirm('Do you really wish to run this command? [y/N]'); // 通過使用者輸入的y或者n判斷是否執行 if (!$confirmed) { $this->comment('Command Cancelled!'); return false; } } return true; } /** * Get the default confirmation callback. * * @return \Closure */ protected function getDefaultConfirmCallback() { return function () { //判斷容器環境是否=production(即.env中APP_ENV對應值),等於則返回true return $this->getLaravel()->environment() == 'production'; }; }}
將.env中的APP_ENV值由預設local置為production,執行 php artisan db:seed ,結果如所示:
執行 php artisan db:seed --force 則跳過提示,直接執行 seed 命令。
DatabaseSeeder預設Seeder
命令 php artisan db:seed 預設執行 DatabaseSeeder 中的 run 方法,回頭來看下call方法如何執行:
class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder{ protected $toTruncate = ['users','lessons']; /** * Run the database seeds. * * @return void */ public function run() { Model::unguard(); // 迴圈刪除表 foreach($this->toTruncateas $table) { DB::table($table)->truncate(); } // 調用Seeder父類中 call 方法: $this->call('UsersTableSeeder'); $this->call('LessonsTableSeeder'); }}
Seed 類中 call 和 resolve 方法:
/*** Seed類中call方法* Seed the given connection from the given path.* 通過給出的路徑進行seed操作* @param string $class* @return void*/public function call($class){ // 容器存在則App::make($class)->run(),否則new一個$class,調用run $this->resolve($class)->run(); // 通過接受$class,輸出執行Seeded的類名 if (isset($this->command)) { $this->command->getOutput()->writeln("Seeded: $class"); }} /*** Resolve an instance of the given seeder class.* 擷取一個給定seeder類的執行個體* @param string $class* @return \Illuminate\Database\Seeder*/protected function resolve($class){ if (isset($this->container)) { $instance = $this->container->make($class); $instance->setContainer($this->container); } else { $instance = new $class; } if (isset($this->command)) { $instance->setCommand($this->command); } return $instance;}