[iOS]將DataSource分離並構建更輕量的UIViewController
在objccn.io中看到一篇文章,構建更輕量的View Controllers,在此自己實踐一下加深理解。
新疆項目,learn--tableview,類首碼為LT,開始我們的實驗。
首先需要在StoryBoard中拖拽一個UITableView,在標頭檔中申明tableView變數並建立串連:
建立ArrayDataSource類,作為TableView的DataSource。目的是將DataSource從原本的ViewController中分離出來:
//// ArrayDataSource.h// objc.io example project (issue #1)//#import typedef void (^TableViewCellConfigureBlock)(id cell, id item);@interface ArrayDataSource : NSObject - (id)initWithItems:(NSArray *)anItems cellIdentifier:(NSString *)aCellIdentifier configureCellBlock:(TableViewCellConfigureBlock)aConfigureCellBlock;- (id)itemAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath;@end
//// ArrayDataSource.h// objc.io example project (issue #1)//#import ArrayDataSource.h@interface ArrayDataSource ()@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *items;@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *cellIdentifier;@property (nonatomic, copy) TableViewCellConfigureBlock configureCellBlock;@end@implementation ArrayDataSource- (id)init{ return nil;}- (id)initWithItems:(NSArray *)anItems cellIdentifier:(NSString *)aCellIdentifier configureCellBlock:(TableViewCellConfigureBlock)aConfigureCellBlock{ self = [super init]; if (self) { self.items = anItems; self.cellIdentifier = aCellIdentifier; self.configureCellBlock = [aConfigureCellBlock copy]; } return self;}- (id)itemAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ return self.items[(NSUInteger) indexPath.row];}#pragma mark UITableViewDataSource- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{ return self.items.count;}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:self.cellIdentifier forIndexPath:indexPath]; id item = [self itemAtIndexPath:indexPath]; self.configureCellBlock(cell, item); return cell;}@end
可以看得出來,這個DataSource的管理類接受三個變數進行初始化,分別是:
1.anItems,儲存表格式資料的對象,是一個NSArray,裡面儲存封裝好的對象,我們並不知道它是什麼類型的,所以在使用的時候用id取出其中的元素。
2.cellIdentifier,儲存格的標示符,用來指定TableView使用的儲存格,是儲存格的唯一標識,在建立和設計Cell的時候可以指定。
3.configureCellBlock,一個用來設定每個儲存格的block,因為具體的item格式我們並不知道,所以我們也就不知道該如何初始化一個cell裡面的資料,需要用block進行設定,因為這個block的目的是為了將item的資料應用到cell上,所以block接受兩個參數,cell和item。
接下來在添加一個LTMyCell類,作為自訂的儲存格類。在xib中添加兩個label用來顯示資料:
將xib中的兩個label與.h標頭檔建立串連,串連後的標頭檔如下:
+ (UINib *)nib;@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *photoTitleLabel;@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *photoDateLabel;
修改.m檔案,實現相關方法如下:
+ (UINib *)nib{ return [UINib nibWithNibName:@PhotoCell bundle:nil];}- (void)setHighlighted:(BOOL)highlighted animated:(BOOL)animated{ [super setHighlighted:highlighted animated:animated]; if (highlighted) { self.photoTitleLabel.shadowColor = [UIColor darkGrayColor]; self.photoTitleLabel.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(3, 3); } else { self.photoTitleLabel.shadowColor = nil; }}
接著,建立LTPhoto的封裝類,我們需要把用來展示的資料進行分裝:
//// LTPhoto.h// learn-tableview//// Created by why on 8/11/14.// Copyright (c) 2014 why. All rights reserved.//#import @interface LTPhoto : NSObject @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* name;@property (nonatomic, strong) NSDate* creationDate;@end//// LTPhoto.m// learn-tableview//// Created by why on 8/11/14.// Copyright (c) 2014 why. All rights reserved.//#import LTPhoto.hstatic NSString * const IdentifierKey = @identifier;static NSString * const NameKey = @name;static NSString * const CreationDateKey = @creationDate;static NSString * const RatingKey = @rating;@implementation LTPhoto- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder*)coder{ [coder encodeObject:self.name forKey:NameKey]; [coder encodeObject:self.creationDate forKey:CreationDateKey];}- (BOOL)requiresSecureCoding{ return YES;}- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder*)coder{ self = [super init]; if (self) { self.name = [coder decodeObjectOfClass:[NSString class] forKey:NameKey]; self.creationDate = [coder decodeObjectOfClass:[NSDate class] forKey:CreationDateKey]; } return self;}@end
在寫完了LTPhoto這個封裝對象之後,我們可以對原來的MyCell進行Category擴充。建立一個Category:
具體代碼如下:
#import LTMyCell.h@class LTPhoto;@interface LTMyCell (ConfigureForPhoto)- (void)configureForPhoto:(LTPhoto *)photo;@end//// LTMyCell+ConfigureForPhoto.m// learn-tableview//// Created by why on 8/11/14.// Copyright (c) 2014 why. All rights reserved.//#import LTMyCell+ConfigureForPhoto.h#import LTPhoto.h@implementation LTMyCell (ConfigureForPhoto)- (void)configureForPhoto:(LTPhoto *)photo{ self.photoTitleLabel.text = photo.name; self.photoDateLabel.text = [self.dateFormatter stringFromDate:photo.creationDate];}- (NSDateFormatter *)dateFormatter{ static NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter; if (!dateFormatter) { dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; dateFormatter.timeStyle = NSDateFormatterMediumStyle; dateFormatter.dateStyle = NSDateFormatterMediumStyle; } return dateFormatter;}@end
接下來就是在ViewController中指定TableView的DataSource。修改m檔案代碼如下:
//// LTViewController.m// learn-tableview//// Created by why on 8/11/14.// Copyright (c) 2014 why. All rights reserved.//#import LTViewController.h#import ArrayDataSource.h#import LTMyCell.h#import LTMyCell+ConfigureForPhoto.h#import LTPhoto.hstatic NSString * const PhotoCellIdentifier = @LTMyCell;@interface LTViewController ()@property (nonatomic, strong) ArrayDataSource *photosArrayDataSource;@end@implementation LTViewController- (void)viewDidLoad{ [super viewDidLoad];// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. [self setupTableView];}- (void)setupTableView{ TableViewCellConfigureBlock configureCell = ^(LTMyCell *cell, LTPhoto *photo) { [cell configureForPhoto:photo]; }; NSMutableArray *photos = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { LTPhoto *photo = [[LTPhoto alloc] init]; photo.name = @Hello; photo.creationDate = [NSDate date]; [photos addObject:photo]; } self.photosArrayDataSource = [[ArrayDataSource alloc] initWithItems:photos cellIdentifier:PhotoCellIdentifier configureCellBlock:configureCell]; _tableVIew.dataSource = self.photosArrayDataSource; [_tableVIew registerNib:[LTMyCell nib] forCellReuseIdentifier:PhotoCellIdentifier]; }#pragma mark UITableViewDelegate- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ NSLog(@Click!);}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning{ [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.}@end
這樣就實現了基本的DataSource分離。