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JS入門代碼2009/04/21 13:59JS入門代碼
適合閱讀範圍：對java script一無所知～離精通只差一步之遙的人
基礎知識：HTML
java script就這麼回事1：基礎知識
1 建立指令碼塊
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: java script code goes here
3: </script>
2 隱藏指令碼代碼
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: document.write(“Hello”);
4: // -->
5: </script>
在不支援java script的瀏覽器中將不執行相關代碼
3 瀏覽器不支援的時候顯示
1: <noscript>
2: Hello to the non-java script browser.
3: </noscript>
4 連結外部指令檔
1: <script language=”java script” src="/”filename.js"”></script>
5 注釋指令碼
1: // This is a comment
2: document.write(“Hello”); // This is a comment
3: /*
4: All of this
5: is a comment
6: */
6 輸出到瀏覽器
1: document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>”);
7 定義變數
1: var myVariable = “some value”;
8 字串相加
1: var myString = “String1” + “String2”;
9 字串搜尋
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;
4: var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there”);
5: document.write(therePlace);
6: // -->
7: </script>
10 字串替換
1: thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”);
11 格式化字串
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;
4: document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br>”);
5: document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br>”);
6: document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br>”);
7: document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br>”);
8: document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) + “<br>”);
9: document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) + “<br>”);
10: document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br>”);
11: document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br>”);
12: document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br>”);
13: document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br>”);
14: document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br>”);
15: document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br>”);
16: document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br>”);
17:
18: var firstString = “My String”;
19: var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”);
20: // -->
21: </script>
12 建立數組
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(5);
4: myArray[0] = “First Entry”;
5: myArray[1] = “Second Entry”;
6: myArray[2] = “Third Entry”;
7: myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry”;
8: myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry”;
9: var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth Entry”);
10: // -->
11: </script>
13 數組排序
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(5);
4: myArray[0] = “z”;
5: myArray[1] = “c”;
6: myArray[2] = “d”;
7: myArray[3] = “a”;
8: myArray[4] = “q”;
9: document.write(myArray.sort());
10: // -->
11: </script>
14 分割字串
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “a,b,c,d”;
4: var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,”);
5: document.write(stringArray[0]);
6: document.write(stringArray[1]);
7: document.write(stringArray[2]);
8: document.write(stringArray[3]);
9: // -->
10: </script>
15 彈出警告資訊
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: window.alert(“Hello”);
4: // -->
5: </script>
16 彈出確認框
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue”);
4: // -->
5: </script>
17 定義函數
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: <!--
3: function multiple(number1,number2) {
4: var result = number1 * number2;
5: return result;
6: }
7: // -->
8: </script>
18 調用JS函數
1: <a href=”#” onClick=”functionName()”>Link text</a>
2: <a href="/”java script:functionName"()”>Link text</a>
19 在頁面載入完成後執行函數
1: <body onLoad=”functionName();”>
2: Body of the page
3: </body>
20 條件判斷
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel”);
4: var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” : “Cancel”;
5: document.write(result);
6: // -->
7: </script>
21 指定次數迴圈
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(3);
4: myArray[0] = “Item 0”;
5: myArray[1] = “Item 1”;
6: myArray[2] = “Item 2”;
7: for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {
8: document.write(myArray + “<br>”);
9: }
10: // -->
11: </script>
22 設定將來執行
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello”);
5: }
6: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
7: // -->
8: </script>
23 定時執行函數
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello”);
5: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
6: }
7: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
8: // -->
9: </script>
24 取消定時執行
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello”);
5: }
6: var myTimeout = window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);
7: window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);
8: // -->
9: </script>
25 在頁面卸載時候執行函數
1: <body onUnload=”functionName();”>
2: Body of the page
3: </body>
java script就這麼回事2：瀏覽器輸出
26 訪問document對象
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: var myURL = document.URL;
3: window.alert(myURL);
4: </script>
27 動態輸出HTML
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: document.write(“<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>”);
3: document.write(“<ul>”);
4: document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “</li>”);
5: document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “</li>”);
6: document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “</li>”);
7: document.write(“</ul>”);
8: </script>
28 輸出換行
1: document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>”);
2: document.writeln(“b”);
29 輸出日期
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: document.write(thisDate.toString());
4: </script>
30 指定日期的時區
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: var myOffset = -2;
3: var currentDate = new Date();
4: var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;
5: var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;
6: currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);
7: document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());
8: </script>
31 設定日期輸出格式
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” + thisDate.getMinutes();
4: var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/” + thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate();
5: document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString);
6: </script>
32 讀取URL參數
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?”);
3: var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split(“&”);
4: for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) {
5: var pairParts = parameterParts.split(“=”);
6: var pairName = pairParts[0];
7: var pairValue = pairParts[1];
8: document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue );
9: }
10: </script>
你還以為HTML是無狀態的嗎？
33 開啟一個新的document對象
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: function newDocument() {
3: document.open();
4: document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.</p>”);
5: document.close();
6: }
7: </script>
34 頁面跳轉
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: window.location = “http://www.99n9.com/”;
3: </script>
35 添加網頁載入進度視窗
1: <html>
2: <head>
3: <script language='java script'>
4: var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');
5: </script>
6: <title>The Main Page</title>
7: </head>
8: <body );”>Open a full-screen window</a>
65 新視窗和父視窗的操作
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: //定義新視窗
3: var newWindow = window.open(“128a.html”,”newWindow”);
4: newWindow.close(); //在父視窗中關閉開啟的新視窗
5: </script>
6: 在新視窗中關閉父視窗
7: window.opener.close()
66 往新視窗中寫內容
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: var newWindow = window.open(“”,”newWindow”);
3: newWindow.document.open();
4: newWindow.document.write(“This is a new window”);
5: newWIndow.document.close();
6: </script>
67 載入頁面到架構頁面
1: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>
2: <frame name=”frame1” src="/”135a.html"”>
3: <frame name=”frame2” src="/”about:blank"”>
4: </frameset>
5: 在frame1中載入frame2中的頁面
6: parent.frame2.document.location = “135b.html”;
68 在架構頁面之間共用指令碼
如果在frame1中html檔案中有個指令碼
1: function doAlert() {
2: window.alert(“Frame 1 is loaded”);
3: }
那麼在frame2中可以如此調用該方法
1: <body onLoad=”parent.frame1.doAlert();”>
2: This is frame 2.
3: </body>
69 資料公用
可以在架構頁面定義資料項目，使得該資料可以被多個架構中的頁面公用
1: <script language=”java script”>
2: var persistentVariable = “This is a persistent value”;
3: </script>
4: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>
5: <frame name=”frame1” src="/”138a.html"”>
6: <frame name=”frame2” src="/”138b.html"”>
7: </frameset>
這樣在frame1和frame2中都可以使用變數persistentVariable
70 架構程式碼程式庫
根據以上的一些思路，我們可以使用一個隱藏的架構頁面來作為整個框架組的程式碼程式庫
1: <frameset cols=”0,50%,*”>
2: <frame name=”codeFrame” src="/”140code.html"”>
3: <frame name=”frame1” src="/”140a.html"”>
4: <frame name=”frame2” src="/”140b.html"”>
5: </frameset>
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