window對象是JavaScript瀏覽器物件模型中的頂層對象,包含多個常用方法和屬性:
1 開啟新視窗
window.open(pageURL,name,parameters)
其中:
pageURL為子視窗路徑
name為子視窗控制代碼
parameters為視窗參數(各參數用逗號分隔)
如:window.open("http://www.cnblogs.com/zhouhb/","open",
'height=100,width=400,top=0,left=0,toolbar=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,location=no,status=no');
2 開啟強制回應視窗
window.showModalDialog("http://www.cnblogs.com/zhouhb/","open","toolbars=0;width=200;height=200");
3 關閉視窗,不彈出提示框
如果網頁不是通過指令碼程式開啟的(window.open()),調用window.close()指令碼關閉視窗前,必須先將window.opener對象置為null,否則瀏覽器(IE7、IE8)會彈出一個確定關閉的對話方塊。
<script language="javaScript">
function closeWindow()
{
window.opener = null;
window.open('', '_self', '');
window.close();
}
</script>
<input type='button' value='關閉視窗' onClick="closeWindow()">
或
<input type="button" value="關閉視窗" onClick="window.opener = null;
window.open('', '_self', '');window.close()">
對於關閉架構視窗
<script language="javaScript">
function closeWindow()
{
window.opener = null;
window.open('', '_top', '');
window.parent.close();
}
</script>
4 location對象使用
window.location.reload();//重新整理當前頁
window.location.href="http://www.cnblogs.com/zhouhb/"; //載入其他頁面
5 history對象使用
window.history.go(1); //前進
window.history.go(-1); //後退
6 子表單向父表單傳值
6.1 簡單方法
(1)在父表單中開啟子表單
var str=window.showModalDialog("s.html");
if(str!=null)
{
var v=document.getElementById("v");
v.value+=str;
}
(2)子表單代碼
var v=document.getElementById("v");
window.parent.returnValue=v.value;
window.close();
另外,對於showModalDialog開啟的視窗,也可以通過dialogArguments傳值:
父視窗代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>無標題文檔</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function opendialog()
{
window.showModalDialog("child.html",window,"win","resable=false");//這裡用window對象作為參數傳遞
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type="text" id="name" />
<input type="button" id="open" value="open" onclick="opendialog()"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
子視窗代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>無標題文檔</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function updateParent()
{
var pwin=window.dialogArguments;//子視窗擷取傳遞的參數
if(pwin!=undefined)
{
pwin.document.getElementById("name").value=document.getElementById("name").value;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type="text" id="name" />
<input type="button" id="update" value="更新父視窗" onclick="updateParent()"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
對於showModalDialog開啟的視窗,也可以通過window.returnValue傳值:
主視窗:
<SCRIPT type="text/javascript">
function openWindow(){
var bankCard=window.showModalDialog("counter.html","","dialogWidth=400px;dialogHeight=200px");
alert("您的銀行卡密碼是"+bankCard+"\n");
}
</SCRIPT>
(2)開啟的視窗
<HEAD>
<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<TITLE>視窗練習</TITLE>
<SCRIPT type="text/javascript" language="javascript">
function closeWindow(){
window.returnValue=document.myform.cardPass.value;
window.close();
}
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM name="myform" action="" method="post">
賬戶資訊:<BR>
請妥善儲存你的賬戶資訊,以免發生損失<BR>
帳號:<INPUT name="cardNum" type="text" size="40"><BR>
密碼:<INPUT name="cardPass" type="password" size="45"><BR>
<INPUT type="button" name="btn" value="確認" onClick="closeWindow()">
</FORM>
</BODY>
6.2 更加詳細的介紹
眾所周知window.open() 函數可以用來開啟一個新視窗,那麼如何在子表單中向父表單傳值呢,其實通過window.opener即可擷取父表單的引用。
如我們建立表單FatherPage.htm:
<script type="text/javascript">
function OpenChildWindow()
{
window.open('ChildPage.htm');
}
</script>
<input type="text" id="txtInput" />
<input type="button" value="OpenChild" onclick="OpenChildWindow()" />
然後在ChildPage.htm中即可通過window.opener來訪問父表單中的元素:
<script type="text/javascript">
function SetValue()
{
window.opener.document.getElementById('txtInput').value
=document.getElementById('txtInput').value;
window.close();
}
</script>
<input type="text" id="txtInput" />
<input type="button" value="SetFather" onclick="SetValue()" />
其實在開啟子表單的同時,我們也可以對子表單的元素進行賦值,因為window.open函數同樣會返回一個子表單的引用,因此FatherPage.htm可以修改為:
<script type="text/javascript">
function OpenChildWindow()
{
var child = window.open('ChildPage.htm');
child.document.getElementById('txtInput').value
=document.getElementById('txtInput').value;
}
</script>
<input type="text" id="txtInput" />
<input type="button" value="OpenChild" onclick="OpenChildWindow()" />
通過判斷子表單的引用是否為空白,我們還可以控制使其只能開啟一個子表單:
<script type="text/javascript">
var child
function OpenChildWindow()
{
if(!child)
child = window.open('ChildPage.htm');
child.document.getElementById('txtInput').value
=document.getElementById('txtInput').value;
}
</script>
<input type="text" id="txtInput" />
<input type="button" value="OpenChild" onclick="OpenChildWindow()" />
光這樣還不夠,當關閉子表單時還必須對父表單的child變數進行清空,否則開啟子表單後再關閉就無法再重新開啟了:
<body onunload="Unload()">
<script type="text/javascript">
function SetValue()
{
window.opener.document.getElementById('txtInput').value
=document.getElementById('txtInput').value;
window.close();
}
function Unload()
{
window.opener.child=null;
}
</script>
<input type="text" id="txtInput" />
<input type="button" value="SetFather" onclick="SetValue()" />
</body>