javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError: Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.Transf

    今天使用 jUnit4 整合 spring 使用註解方式進行單元測試時，啟動並執行時候拋出了 javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError: Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl not found 異常。

環境

jUnit4, spring 3.0, jdk 1.5.0 update 22 x64, myEclipse 9.1（使用 Anotation 進行測試）

測試類別原代碼

package com.cmcc.ha.epm.dao;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import com.cmcc.ha.epm.dataprocess.DataAccessFactoryImpl;/** * @author huayan * @author 何明旺 * @version 1.0 */@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" })@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)public class dataFactoryTest {    @Autowired    private DataAccessFactoryImpl dataAccessFactory;    public void setDataAccessFactory(DataAccessFactoryImpl dataAccessFactory) {        this.dataAccessFactory = dataAccessFactory;    }    @Before    public void init() {        // 此處為進行一些初始化操作的代碼    }    @Test    public void testMyMethod() {        // 此處為調用需要測試的方法的代碼    }}

詳細的異常資訊

[2011-11-29 17:00:08] ERROR TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(336) | Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@27f8922] to prepare test instance [com.cmcc.hn.epm.dao.dataFactoryTest@3041876]java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContextat org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:308)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:333)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:220)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:301)at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:303)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:44)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:180)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:41)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:173)at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:220)at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter#0': Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Could not instantiate bean class [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError: Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl not foundat org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:955)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:901)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:288)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:190)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:563)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:872)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:423)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:84)at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:1)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:280)at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:304)... 24 moreCaused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Could not instantiate bean class [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError: Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl not foundat org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:141)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:72)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:948)... 38 moreCaused by: javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError: Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl not foundat javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory.newInstance(Unknown Source)at org.springframework.http.converter.xml.AbstractXmlHttpMessageConverter.<init>(AbstractXmlHttpMessageConverter.java:47)at org.springframework.http.converter.xml.SourceHttpMessageConverter.<init>(SourceHttpMessageConverter.java:45)at org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter.<init>(FormHttpMessageConverter.java:106)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.<init>(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:178)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:501)at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:126)... 40 more

解決方案

    在google以“Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl not found”為關鍵字搜尋了一翻，結果搜尋出來的結果全部都是說 web 應用部署在 Tomcat 5.5 下啟動並執行時候出現的異常，沒有一條搜尋結果是說 junit 整合 spring 進行測試時出現的問題，最後受到 CSDN 論壇中一個文章（http://topic.csdn.net/t/20030728/19/2082133.html）的啟發，在運行測試類別時添加一個
VM 參數：

-Djavax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl

添加完該 VM 參數後，再執行，運行正常，測試結果也正確，OK！

附：在 MyEclise 中添加 VM 參數的方法：Run --> Run Configurations... --> Arguments --> VM arguments