不廢話了，直奔主題吧
wcf端：
近幾年比較流行restful，為了能讓ajax調用，同時也為了支援restful風格的uri，在建立一個Ajax-enabled Wcf Service後，必須手動修改svc檔案，指定Factory，即：
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="ajaxSample.HelloWorld" CodeBehind="HelloWorld.svc.cs" Factory="System.ServiceModel.Activation.WebServiceHostFactory" %>
註：如果不添加Factory，則wcf將無法用類似http://localhost/helloWorld.svc/Hello/person/name 的restful方式直接存取。
同時還要去掉web.config中的<enableWebScript />即類似:
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="ajaxSample.HelloWorldAspNetAjaxBehavior">
<!--<enableWebScript />-->
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true"
multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
<services>
<service name="ajaxSample.HelloWorld">
<endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="ajaxSample.HelloWorldAspNetAjaxBehavior"
binding="webHttpBinding" contract="ajaxSample.HelloWorld" />
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
好了，開始寫代碼，鑒於wcf調用時有GET/POST二種方式，下面把幾種常用的情況都寫一個樣本方法：
複製代碼 代碼如下:
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Activation;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
namespace ajaxSample
{
[ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.com/")]
[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
public class HelloWorld
{
/// <summary>
/// 只能Post的Restful方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <param name="welcome"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "PostRestfulTest/{person}/{welcome}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public List<string> PostRestfulTest(string person,string welcome)
{
List<string> result = new List<string>();
result.Add("PostRestfulTest -> from server:");
result.Add(person);
result.Add(welcome);
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 只能Get的Restful方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <param name="welcome"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "GET", UriTemplate = "GETRestfulTest/{person}/{welcome}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public List<string> GETRestfulTest(string person, string welcome)
{
List<string> result = new List<string>();
result.Add("GETRestfulTest -> from server:");
result.Add(person);
result.Add(welcome);
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 即可Get與Post的Restful方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <param name="welcome"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "*", UriTemplate = "RestfulTest/{person}/{welcome}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public List<string> RestfulTest(string person, string welcome)
{
List<string> result = new List<string>();
result.Add("RestfulTest -> from server:");
result.Add(person);
result.Add(welcome);
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 只能Post的常規方法(註：Post方式，BodyStyle必須設定成WrappedRequest或Wrapped)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <param name="welcome"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle=WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest)]
public List<string> PostTest(string person, string welcome)
{
List<string> result = new List<string>();
result.Add("PostRestfulTest -> from server:");
result.Add(person);
result.Add(welcome);
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 只能Get的常規方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="person"></param>
/// <param name="welcome"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "GET", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public List<string> GETTest(string person, string welcome)
{
List<string> result = new List<string>();
result.Add("GETTest -> from server:");
result.Add(person);
result.Add(welcome);
return result;
}
}
}
jQuery調用代碼：
複製代碼 代碼如下:
<script type="text/javascript">
$().ready(function () {
$.post("HelloWorld.svc/PostRestfulTest/111/222", function (data) {
alert("PostRestfulTest調用成功，傳回值為：" + data);
})
$.get("HelloWorld.svc/GETRestfulTest/333/444", function (data) {
alert("GETRestfulTest調用成功，傳回值為：" + data);
})
$.get("HelloWorld.svc/RestfulTest/555/666", function (data) {
alert("RestfulTest GET方式調用成功，傳回值為：" + data);
})
$.post("HelloWorld.svc/RestfulTest/777/888", function (data) {
alert("RestfulTest POST方式調用成功，傳回值為：" + data);
})
$.get("HelloWorld.svc/GETTest", { person: "aaa", welcome: "bbb" }, function (data) {
alert("GETTest 調用成功，傳回值為：" + data);
});
$.ajax({
url: "HelloWorld.svc/PostTest",
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json",
data: '{"person":"ccc","welcome":"ddd"}',
dataType: "html",
success: function (data) { alert("PostTest調用成功，傳回值為：" + data); }
});
})
</script>
有時候，WCF暴露的方法中可能需要一些敏感資訊做為參數(比如使用者名稱/使用者ID之類)，這時如果直接用js來調用wcf，可能會把這部分資訊洩漏在用戶端，這種情境下，我們也經常用一個服務端的ashx來做中轉
TestService.svc
複製代碼 代碼如下:
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace ashx_jQuery
{
[ServiceContract]
public class TestService
{
/// <summary>
/// 擷取目前使用者指定月份的工資
/// </summary>
/// <param name="userId"></param>
/// <param name="month"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
public double GetSalary(int userId,int month)
{
if (month == 1)//只是示範而已
{
return 5000;
}
else
{
return 1000;
}
}
}
}
AjaxProcess.ashx
複製代碼 代碼如下:
using System.Web;
namespace ashx_jQuery
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for AjaxProcess
/// </summary>
public class AjaxProcess : IHttpHandler
{
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
string month = context.Request["month"];
TestService wcf = new TestService();
double salary = wcf.GetSalary(GetUserId(), int.Parse(month));
context.Response.Write("{salary:" + salary + "}");
}
/// <summary>
/// 擷取當前的使用者ID
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private int GetUserId()
{
return 1;
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false;
}
}
}
}
jQuery調用:
複製代碼 代碼如下:
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="default.aspx.cs" Inherits="ashx_jQuery._default" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>jQuery ashx Sample</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$().ready(function () {
$("#btnTest").click(function () {
$.post(
"AjaxProcess.ashx",
{ month:1 },
function (e) {
var d = eval("(" + e + ")");
alert(d.salary);
}, "html");
})
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<input type="button" value="GetSalary" id="btnTest"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
範例程式碼：
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