LeetCode OJ 之 Add Digits (數字相加)

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題目:

Given a non-negative integer num, repeatedly add all its digits until the result has only one digit.

For example:

Given num = 38, the process is like: 3 + 8 = 11, 1 + 1 = 2. Since 2 has only one digit, return it.

Follow up:
Could you do it without any loop/recursion in O(1) runtime?

思路:

1、常規解法:迴圈或者遞迴

2、數字根問題,參考維基百科的證明和結論:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_root#Congruence_formula.

For base b (decimal case b = 10), the digit root of an integer is:

  • dr(n) = 0 if n == 0
  • dr(n) = (b-1) if n != 0 and n % (b-1) == 0
  • dr(n) = n mod (b-1) if n % (b-1) != 0

or

  • dr(n) = 1 + (n - 1) % 9
其實通過觀察前20個數可以發現結果1,2,3……9是周期性出現的,可以得到關係if(n%9 == 0) return 9. if(n%9!=0) return n%9。代碼1:

class Solution {public:    int addDigits(int num)     {        if(num <= 0)            return 0;        while(num >= 10)        {            int tmp = 0;            while(num >= 10)            {                tmp += num % 10;                num = num / 10;            }            tmp += num;            num = tmp;        }        return num;    }};

代碼2:

class Solution {public:    int addDigits(int num)     {        if(num <= 0)            return 0;        if(num % 9 != 0)            return num % 9;        else             return 9;    }};

代碼3:

class Solution {public:    int addDigits(int num)     {        if(num <= 0)            return 0;        return 1 + (num - 1 ) % 9;    }};


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LeetCode OJ 之 Add Digits (數字相加)

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