[Leetcode] Single Number

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Given an array of integers, every element appears twice except for one. Find that single one.

Note:
Your algorithm should have a linear runtime complexity. Could you implement it without using extra memory?

Solution:

XOR

Information about XOR:

異或運算的幾個相關公式:

1. a ^ a = 02. a ^ b = b ^ a3. a ^ b ^ c = a ^ (b ^ c) = (a ^ b) ^ c4. d = a ^ b ^ c 可以推出 a = d ^ b ^ c5. a ^ b ^ a = b 本題可以抽象成:int數組裡有x1, x2 ... xn(每個出現2次),和y(只出現一次),得出y的值。由公式2可知,數組裡面所有數異或的結果等於 x1^x1^x2^x2^...^xn^xn^y由公式3可知,上式等於(x1^x1)^(x2^x2)^...^(xn^xn)^y由公式1可知,上式等於(0)^(0)^...(0)^y = y 因此只需要將所有數字異或,就可得到結果。
1 public class Solution {2     public int singleNumber(int[] A) {3         int result = 0;4         for(int i=0;i<A.length;++i){5             result^=A[i];6         }7         return result;8     }9 }

 

[Leetcode] Single Number

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