Linux下Docker安裝和使用教程_docker

Docker是一個開源的引擎，可以輕鬆的為任何應用建立一個輕量級的、可移植的、自給自足的容器。

開發人員在筆記本上編譯測試通過的容器可以批量地在生產環境中部署，包括VMs(虛擬機器)、bare metal、OpenStack叢集和其他的基礎應用平台。

Docker的原始碼全部是用Go語言寫的。

一、基礎環境

1、角色、ip、版本、核心

serverA 10.1.10.236 3.16.0-4-amd64 8.1 docket
docket 1.6.2

二、安裝docter

1、添加源

echo "deb http://http.debian.net/debian jessie-backports main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

2、更新源

apt-get update

3、安裝docker.io包

apt-get install docker.ioReading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree Reading state information... DoneThe following extra packages will be installed:aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount git git-man libapparmor1 liberror-perl libnih-dbus1 libnih1 makedev mountall plymouthSuggested packages:btrfs-tools debootstrap lxc rinse git-daemon-run git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-el git-email git-gui gitk gitweb git-arch git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn desktop-baseplymouth-themesThe following NEW packages will be installed:aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker.io git git-man libapparmor1 liberror-perl libnih-dbus1 libnih1 makedev mountall plymouth0 upgraded, 12 newly installed, 0 to remove and 54 not upgraded.Need to get 9,986 kB of archives.After this operation, 47.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 

4、查看版本

docker --versionDocker version 1.6.2, build 7c8fca2

5、啟動服務

/etc/init.d/docker start[ ok ] Starting docker (via systemctl): docker.service.

6、拉取debian和CentOS鏡像

1)拉取debian鏡像

docker pull debianlatest: Pulling from debian843e2bded498: Pull complete 8c00acfb0175: Pull complete debian:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified. Important: image verification is a tech preview feature and should not be relied on to provide security.Digest: sha256:d9168a2c1889b4c9d44952a23065c29b0656237909d618328275f42065602354Status: Downloaded newer image for debian:latest

2)拉取centos鏡像

docker pull centosPulling repository centos0f73ae75014f: Download complete 47d44cb6f252: Download complete f6f39725d938: Download complete f9a8cbc8dd13: Download complete f37e6a610a37: Download complete Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest

7、查看鏡像

docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEdebian latest 8c00acfb0175 3 weeks ago 125.2 MBcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 3 weeks ago 172.3 MB

8、運行名為debian鏡像的容器(虛擬

docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEdebian latest 8c00acfb0175 3 weeks ago 125.2 MBcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 3 weeks ago 172.3 MB

出1個debian系統)

1)運行debian鏡像的容器

docker run -i -t debian

2)查看版本

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run debian cat /etc/debian_version8.2

3)查看IP(是dhcp獲得 每次獲得都不一樣)

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run debian ip a1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever24: eth0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 172.17.0.11/16 scope global eth0valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:b/64 scope link tentative valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

4)查看核心

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run debian uname -r3.16.0-4-amd64

5)查看硬碟分區情況

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run -i -t debian df -ThFilesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted onnone aufs 9.1G 1.6G 7.1G 18% /tmpfs tmpfs 115M 0 115M 0% /devshm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 ext4 9.1G 1.6G 7.1G 18% /etc/hosts

9、運行名為centos鏡像的容器(虛擬出1個centos系統)

1)運行centos鏡像的容器

docker run -i -t centos

2)查看版本

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run centos cat /etc/RedHat-releaseCentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)

3)查看核心

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run centos uname -r3.16.0-4-amd64

4)查看ip

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run centos ip a1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever46: eth0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:16 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 172.17.0.22/16 scope global eth0valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:16/64 scope link tentative valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

5)查看硬碟分區情況

root@10.1.10.236:~# docker run centos df -ThFilesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted onrootfs rootfs 9.1G 1.6G 7.1G 18% /none aufs 9.1G 1.6G 7.1G 18% /tmpfs tmpfs 115M 0 115M 0% /devshm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 ext4 9.1G 1.6G 7.1G 18% /etc/hoststmpfs tmpfs 115M 0 115M 0% /proc/kcoretmpfs tmpfs 115M 0 115M 0% /proc/timer_stats

以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Linux下Docker安裝和使用教程，希望對大家有所協助，如果大家有任何疑問歡迎給我留言！