標籤:ext for nbsp 內容 put 實現 name my.cnf help
在MYSQL中,每個串連都會先執行init-connect,進行串連的初始化。我們可以在這裡擷取使用者的登入名稱稱和thread的ID值。然後配合binlog,就可以追蹤到每個動作陳述式的操作時間,操作人等。實現審計。
實驗過程:
1:建立登入日誌庫,登入日誌表
CREATE DATABASE `accesslog`;
USE `accesslog`;
CREATE TABLE `accesslog`
(
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`thread_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, #線程ID,這個值很重要
`log_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, #登入時間
`localname` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, #登入名稱稱帶IP
`matchname` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, #登入使用者,user的全稱
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2:在設定檔中配置init-connect參數。登入時插入日誌表。如果這個參數是個錯誤的SQL語句,登入就會失敗。
Linux 下的設定檔為 my.cnf,windows下為my.ini
init-connect=‘insert into accesslog.accesslog values(null,connection_id(),now(),user(),current_user());‘
log-bin
重啟service mysqld 以使其設定檔生效
3:建立普通使用者,不能有super許可權。init-connect對具有super許可權的使用者不起作用。同時此使用者必須要有INSERT許可權,如果沒有,登入後的任何操作都會導致MYSQL登入失敗。
grant insert,select,update on *.* to ‘user1‘@‘localhost‘; #帶INSERT許可權
grant select,update on *.* to ‘user2‘@‘localhost‘; #不帶INSERT許可權
4:SESSION1登入,並查看日誌
D:\mysql6\bin>mysql -uuser1 -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 65
Server version: 5.1.45-community-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select * FROM accesslog.accesslog;
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| id | thread_id | log_time | localname | matchname |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 1 | 65 | 2011-03-11 19:18:25 | [email protected] | [email protected] |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show processlist;# 當前啟動並執行threadId
+----+-------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 65 | user1 | localhost:1339 | NULL | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist |
+----+-------+----------------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5:再用user2登入
D:\mysql6\bin>mysql -uuser2 -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 76
Server version: 5.1.45-community-log
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select * FROM accesslog.accesslog;
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 77
Current database: *** NONE ***
ERROR 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to MySQL server during query
mysql> select * FROM accesslog.accesslog;
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 78
Current database: *** NONE ***
看下錯誤記錄檔
如果沒有對log-bin指定log檔案,預設在 /var/lib/mysql目錄下以mysqld-bin.00000X等作為名稱。而 mysqld-bin.index則記錄了所有的log的檔案名稱
使用時則使用mysqlbinlog /var/lib/mysql|grep "*****"等來追蹤database的操作。
110311 19:23:47 [Warning] Aborted connection 77 to db: ‘unconnected‘ user: ‘user2‘ host: ‘localhost‘ (init_connect command failed)
110311 19:23:47 [Warning] INSERT command denied to user ‘user2‘@‘localhost‘ for table ‘accesslog‘
110311 19:23:53 [Warning] Aborted connection 78 to db: ‘unconnected‘ user: ‘user2‘ host: ‘localhost‘ (init_connect command failed)
110311 19:23:53 [Warning] INSERT command denied to user ‘user2‘@‘localhost‘ for table ‘accesslog‘
6:下面以USER1登入,並做一個INSERT操作,查看記錄檔。
mysql> insert into t3 values(10,10,‘2011-10-10 00:00:00‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------+----------------+-----------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------+----------------+-----------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 69 | user1 | localhost:1439 | accesslog | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist |
+----+-------+----------------+-----------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from accesslog.accesslog;
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| id | thread_id | log_time | localname | matchname |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 1 | 65 | 2011-03-11 19:18:25 | [email protected] | [email protected] |
| 2 | 91 | 2011-03-11 19:28:33 | [email protected] | [email protected] |
| 3 | 2 | 2011-03-11 19:31:49 | [email protected] | [email protected] |
| 4 | 2 | 2000-10-10 10:10:10 | [email protected] | [email protected] |
| 5 | 21 | 2000-10-10 11:11:11 | [email protected] | [email protected]% |
| 6 | 69 | 2011-03-12 21:35:43 | [email protected] | [email protected] |
+----+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
查看記錄檔的內容
# at 340
#110312 21:36:01 server id 1 end_log_pos 453 Query thread_id=69 exec_time=0 error_code=0
use text;
SET TIMESTAMP=1299936961;
insert into t3 values(10,10,‘2011-10-10 00:00:00‘)
;
# at 453
thread_id=69
在日誌表裡記錄的和記錄檔裡面記錄的相同。可以通過這個thread_id來追蹤到是誰,什麼時間,做了什麼操作。
mysql 用init-connect+binlog實現使用者操作追蹤做access的ip的log記錄