開來源資料庫PostgreSQL發布了v9.2版

PostgreSQL是一種著名的開來源資料庫。最近PostgreSQL全球開發小組發布了最新的9.2版本，對效能做出了極大提升，並增加了對JSON的內建支援。

早在今年五月份發布beta版的時候，該小組的首席資料工程師Ines Sombra就做出承諾：

PostgreSQL 9.2會帶有本地的JSON支援，新特性涉及到索引、複製和效能提升等多方面。

PostgreSQL 9.2支援水平擴充到64個核心，能夠進行僅對索引（index-only）的掃描，並降低對CPU電力的消耗，從而顯著改善了大多數工作負載下的延展性和開發人員的靈活性；在垂直延展性方面的改善讓PostgreSQL可以更有效地應用大型伺服器上的硬體資源，在鎖管理、寫入效率、僅對索引的訪問以及其他低層級的操作讓資料庫引擎能夠處理更大量的工作負載。

這些效能上的改善體現在數字上意味著：

• 每秒最多350,000次讀取查詢（快了4倍多）
• 針對資料倉儲查詢的僅對索引的掃描（快了2-20倍）
• 每秒最多14,000次資料寫入

另外，PostgreSQL 9.2還讓開發的靈活性做出了更進一步的支援，它包含了對Range類型和JSON的支援，讓開發人員能夠以完全不同的方式來使用PostgreSQL。

Range類型讓開發人員可以建立更好的與日曆相關、科學和財務的應用程式。還沒有其他主流資料庫支援這種特性；在PostgreSQL中，查詢結果能夠以JSON資料類型的格式返回。使用者可以把這種技術和PL/V8 Javascript和PL/Coffee資料庫編程擴充以及可選的HStore key-value資料庫組合在一起，把它作為“NoSQL”文檔資料庫來使用，同時還保留了PostgreSQL的可靠性、靈活性和效能上的優勢。

 

The PostgreSQL Global Development Group announces PostgreSQL 9.2, the latest release of the leader in open source databases. Since the beta release was announced in May, developers and vendors have praised it as a leap forward in performance, scalability and flexibility. Users are expected to switch to this version in record numbers.

“PostgreSQL 9.2 will ship with native JSON support, covering indexes, replication and performance improvements, and many more features. We are eagerly awaiting this release and will make it available in Early Access as soon as it’s released by the PostgreSQL community,” said Ines Sombra, Lead Data Engineer, Engine Yard.

Links

• Downloads, including packages and installers
• Release Notes
• Documentation
• What’s New in 9.2
• Press Kit

Improved Performance and Scalability

With the addition of linear scalability to 64 cores, index-only scans and reductions in CPU power consumption, PostgreSQL 9.2 has significantly improved scalability and developer flexibility for the most demanding workloads. Organizations like the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration and Heroku.com run applications on PostgreSQL, and HP has adopted it for their remote support software and to power their HP-UX/Itanium solutions.

Improvements in vertical scalability increase PostgreSQL’s ability to efficiently utilize hardware resources on larger servers. Advances in lock management, write efficiency, index-only access and other low-level operations allow the database engine to handle even larger-volume workloads.

Numerically, this means:

• Up to 350,000 read queries per second (more than 4X faster)
• Index-only scans for data warehousing queries (2–20X faster)
• Up to 14,000 data writes per second (5X faster)

Also, the addition of cascading replication enables users to run even larger stacks of horizontally scaled servers under PostgreSQL 9.2.

“NewsBlur, a social news reader, relies on Postgres for storing millions of sites and subscriptions. Solid and reliable for years,” said Samuel Clay, founder of newsblur.com. “We’re consistently on the bleeding edge (9.1 now, moving to 9.2 soon for the cascading replication alone) and it’s been a pleasure since 8.4.”

Flexible Developer Support

The flexibility of PostgreSQL is reflected in the diversity of organisations that have adopted it. For example NASA, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and Instagram all rely on it to perform mission-critical applications. Version 9.2 extends this flexibility even further by including support for Range Types and JSON, allowing developers to use PostgreSQL in completely new ways.

Range Types allow developers to create better calendaring, scientific, and financial applications. No other major SQL database supports this feature, which enables intelligent handling of blocks of time and numbers.

With PostgreSQL 9.2, query results can be returned as JSON data types. Combined with the new PL/V8 Javascript and PL/Coffee database programming extensions, and the optional HStore key-value store, users can now utilize PostgreSQL like a “NoSQL” document database, while retaining PostgreSQL’s reliability, flexibility and performance.

“Native JSON support in PostgresSQL provides an efficient mechanism for creating and storing documents for web APIs. We use front-end libraries like jQuery to request tabular and tree-structured data; and the new features make it convenient and provide performance advantages in retrieving that data as JSON, ” said Taras Mitran, Senior Architect, IVC Inc.

相關文章：

PostgreSQL 9.2業發行