對DBA而言，經常碰到升級資料庫或是apply patch，以及有些時候需要運行大量的指令碼。對於這些操作我們希望現在在螢幕同時又輸出的檔案以備後續查詢過程中曾經丟失的步驟或錯誤。Linux下的script命令就是解決這個問題的好幫手
1、script命令描述
複製代碼代碼如下:
script命令會記錄所有的操作到檔案同時在螢幕上輸出，直到終止登陸的會話，或使用CRTL+D，或使用exit退出則停止記錄。
這個命令對於資料庫的升級或是重要設定的情形下使用可以用於後續查詢操作成功或失敗。
用法: $ script [upgrade.log]
如果未指定記錄檔名的情形，自動組建記錄檔檔案名稱為typescript。
如果需要輸出到已經存在的記錄檔，則使用 -a 參數，再接已經存在記錄檔名。
如果需要在輸出到記錄檔的同時，也可以查看記錄檔的內容，可以使用 -f 參數。</p> <p># script 協助描述
robin@SZDB:~> man script
NAME
script - make typescript of terminal session</p> <p>SYNOPSIS
script [-a] [-c COMMAND] [-f] [-q] [-t] [file]</p> <p>DESCRIPTION
Script makes a typescript of everything printed on your terminal. It is useful for students who need a hardcopy record of
an interactive session as proof of an assignment, as the typescript file can be printed out later with lpr(1).</p> <p> If the argument file is given, script saves all dialogue in file. If no file name is given, the typescript is saved in the
file typescript.</p> <p> Options:</p> <p> -a Append the output to file or typescript, retaining the prior contents.</p> <p> -c COMMAND
Run the COMMAND rather than an interactive shell. This makes it easy for a script to capture the output of a pro-
gram that behaves differently when its stdout is not a tty.</p> <p> -f Flush output after each write. This is nice for telecooperation: One person does `mkfifo foo; script -f foo' and
another can supervise real-time what is being done using `cat foo'.</p> <p> -q Be quiet.</p> <p> -t Output timeing data to standard error. This data contains two fields, separated by a space. The first field indi-
cates how much time elapsed since the previous output. The second field indicates how many characters were output
this time. This information can be used to replay typescripts with realistic typing and output delays.
2、script命令用法樣本
複製代碼代碼如下:
a、script命令後接記錄檔名
robin@SZDB:~> script test_logfile.log #啟用script
Script started, file is test_logfile.log</p> <p> .................#中間操作省略
robin@SZDB:~> exit #停止script
exit
Script done, file is test_logfile.log</p> <p>#查看剛剛產生的記錄檔
robin@SZDB:~> more test_logfile.log
Script started on Fri 26 Apr 2013 05:45:23 PM CST
robin@SZDB:~> sid
bash: sid: command not found
robin@SZDB:~> . ~/.bash_profile
robin@SZDB:~> sid
ORA_CRS_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10gR2/crs
ORACLE_PATH=.:/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/sql
ORA_ASM_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10gR2/asm
ORACLE_SID=SYBO2SZ
ORACLE_BASE=/users/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/users/oracle/OraHome10g
robin@SZDB:~> sql </p> <p>SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Apr 26 17:46:12 2013</p> <p>Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.</p> <p>Error accessing PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE
Warning: Product user profile information not loaded!
You may need to run PUPBLD.SQL as SYSTEM</p> <p>Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production</p> <p>goex_admin@SYBO2SZ> alter session set current_schema=scott;</p> <p>Session altered.</p> <p>goex_admin@SYBO2SZ> select * from dept;</p> <p> DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON</p> <p>goex_admin@SYBO2SZ> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
robin@SZDB:~> exit
exit</p> <p>Script done on Fri 26 Apr 2013 05:46:32 PM CST </p> <p>b、script 命下直接跟指令碼名的樣本
robin@SZDB:~> script -c retval.sh
Script started, file is typescript
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19870419 00:00:00 3100 20
Script done, file is typescript</p> <p>#被執行的shell指令碼的內容
# Author : Robinson
# Blog : http://blog.csdn.ner/robinson_0612</p> <p>robin@SZDB:~> more ~/dba_scripts/custom/bin/retval.sh
#!/bin/bash
RETVAL=`sqlplus -silent scott/tiger <<EOF
SET PAGESIZE 0 FEEDBACK OFF VERIFY OFF HEADING OFF ECHO OFF
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ename='SCOTT';
EXIT;
EOF`
if [ -z "$RETVAL" ]; then
echo "No rows returned from database"
exit 0
else
echo $RETVAL
fi
