oracle資料庫在多cpu環境中運行root.sh失敗,asm報ORA-04031

有朋友和我反饋,說他們在裝linux 6.5上面裝11.2.0.3的rac出現異常，root.sh在第一個節點執行就失敗了,請求協助

根據上面記錄,查看asmca日誌

[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.885 CST ] [SQLEngine.reInitialize:738]  Reinitializing SQLEngine...
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.885 CST ] [OracleHome.getVersion:889]  OracleHome.getVersion called.  Current Version: 11.2.0.3.0
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.885 CST ] [OracleHome.getVersion:957]  Current Version From Inventory: 11.2.0.3.0
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.885 CST ] [OracleHome.getVersion:889]  OracleHome.getVersion called.  Current Version: 11.2.0.3.0
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.886 CST ] [OracleHome.getVersion:957]  Current Version From Inventory: 11.2.0.3.0
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.886 CST ] [OracleHome.getVersion:889]  OracleHome.getVersion called.  Current Version: 11.2.0.3.0
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.886 CST ] [OracleHome.getVersion:957]  Current Version From Inventory: 11.2.0.3.0
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.886 CST ] [SQLPlusEngine.getCmmdParams:222]  m_home 11.2.0.3.0
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.887 CST ] [SQLPlusEngine.getCmmdParams:223]  version > 112 true
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.887 CST ] [SQLEngine.getEnvParams:555]  Default NLS_LANG: AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.887 CST ] [SQLEngine.getEnvParams:565]  NLS_LANG: AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.888 CST ] [SQLEngine.initialize:325]  Execing SQLPLUS/SVRMGR process...
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.900 CST ] [SQLEngine.initialize:362]  m_bReaderStarted: false
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.900 CST ] [SQLEngine.initialize:366]  Starting Reader Thread...
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.901 CST ] [SQLEngine.initialize:415]  Waiting for m_bReaderStarted to be true
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.972 CST ] [SQLEngine.done:2189]  Done called
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.972 CST ] [UsmcaLogger.logException:173]  SEVERE:method oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.backend.USMInstance:configureLocalASM
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.973 CST ] [UsmcaLogger.logException:174]  ORA-01012: not logged on
 
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.973 CST ] [UsmcaLogger.logException:175]  oracle.sysman.assistants.util.sqlEngine.SQLFatalErrorException: ORA-01012: not logged on
 
oracle.sysman.assistants.util.sqlEngine.SQLEngine.executeImpl(SQLEngine.java:1658)
oracle.sysman.assistants.util.sqlEngine.SQLEngine.executeQuery(SQLEngine.java:831)
oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.backend.USMInstance.configureLocalASM(USMInstance.java:3036)
oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.service.UsmcaService.configureLocalASM(UsmcaService.java:1049)
oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.model.UsmcaModel.performConfigureLocalASM(UsmcaModel.java:944)
oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.model.UsmcaModel.performOperation(UsmcaModel.java:797)
oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.Usmca.execute(Usmca.java:174)
oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.Usmca.main(Usmca.java:369)
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.989 CST ] [UsmcaLogger.logException:173]  SEVERE:method oracle.sysman.assistants.usmca.backend.USMInstance:configureLocalASM
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.989 CST ] [UsmcaLogger.logException:174]  ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
 
[main] [ 2015-07-24 12:49:35.989 CST ] [UsmcaLogger.logException:175]  oracle.sysman.assistants.util.sqlEngine.SQLFatalErrorException: ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
這裡可以看出來,asm執行個體無法登陸(ORA-01012和ORA-03113),根據這樣的錯誤，分析asm日誌
Reconfiguration complete
Fri Jul 24 12:49:29 2015
LCK0 started with pid=22, OS id=46913
Errors in file /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/trace/+ASM1_lmd0_46887.trc  (incident=81):
ORA-04031: unable to allocate 7072 bytes of shared memory ("shared pool","unknown object","sga heap(1,1)","ges resource ")
Incident details in: /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/incident/incdir_81/+ASM1_lmd0_46887_i81.trc
Errors in file /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/trace/+ASM1_lck0_46913.trc  (incident=177):
ORA-04031: unable to allocate 760 bytes of shared memory ("shared pool","unknown object","KKSSP^1343","kglss")
Incident details in: /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/incident/incdir_177/+ASM1_lck0_46913_i177.trc
Errors in file /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/trace/+ASM1_lmon_46885.trc  (incident=73):
ORA-04031: unable to allocate 632 bytes of shared memory ("shared pool","unknown object","sga heap(1,1)","name-service ")
Incident details in: /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/incident/incdir_73/+ASM1_lmon_46885_i73.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Errors in file /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/trace/+ASM1_lck0_46913.trc:
ORA-04031: unable to allocate 760 bytes of shared memory ("shared pool","unknown object","KKSSP^1343","kglss")
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=46913 (LCK0)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/trace/+ASM1_diag_46879.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
LCK0 (ospid: 46913): terminating the instance due to error 4031
Fri Jul 24 12:49:35 2015
ORA-1092 : opitsk aborting process
Instance terminated by LCK0, pid = 46913
進一步分析asm日誌，發現是大家熟悉的asm的ORA-4031問題,那就是說明資料庫在執行root.sh的時候使用預設參數檔案啟動asm的時候shared pool不夠大(根據ORACLE最佳實務，建議memory_target=1536M及其以上值)，從而出現該問題。類似Bug 14292825 ORA-4031 in ASM as default memory parameters values for 11.2 ASM instances low，根據官方描述該問題在11.2.0.4中修複

通過asm日誌發現相關預設值配置

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options.
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
System name:    Linux
Node name:  RAC01
Release:    2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64
Version:    #1 SMP Tue Jan 29 11:47:41 EST 2013
Machine:    x86_64
Using parameter settings in client-side pfile /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/dbs/init+ASM1.ora on machine RAC01
System parameters with non-default values:
  large_pool_size          = 16M
  instance_type            = "asm"
  remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
  asm_power_limit          = 1
  diagnostic_dest          = "/u01/app/grid"
Cluster communication is configured to use the following interface(s) for this instance
  10.10.10.31
cluster interconnect IPC version:Oracle UDP/IP (generic)
IPC Vendor 1 proto 2
Fri Jul 24 12:49:27 2015
通過查詢/proc/cpuinfo,檢查cpu數量
processor   : 191
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 62
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E7-8850 v2 @ 2.30GHz
stepping    : 7
cpu MHz     : 1200.000
cache size  : 24576 KB
physical id : 7
siblings    : 24
core id     : 13
cpu cores   : 12
apicid      : 251
initial apicid  : 251
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp      : yes
而根據How To Determine The Default Number Of Subpools Allocated During Startup (Doc ID 455179.1)中描述
最多7個subpool(這裡一共有192個cpu,因此subpool數量為7)



每個suppool最少512m記憶體,因此shared pool最小需要3.5G(而預設值幾百M,遠遠不夠)



由於cpu多，導致shared pool的Subpools 更加多，使得shared pool的需求量更加大。至此本次故障原因可以總結：
由於cpu較多，需要更多的shared pool，而11.2.0.3中由於asm預設記憶體配置較少，導致在asm啟動之時出現shared pool不足（本身預設值小，而且shared pool需求大，從而出現了ORA-04031就不奇怪了),因為運行root.sh過程中asm無法正常啟動，從而使得root.sh運行失敗。
處理辦法:臨時disable部分cpu,然後重新執行root.sh,修改asm記憶體配置,再enable cpu.
特別說明:此故障acs的兄弟遇到過,所以這次我能夠快速反應,感謝acs兄弟們的幫忙,另外有許可權的朋友可以看看:3-10479952701和3-7976215751等sr描述

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