PHP strftime() 函數

定義和用法
strftime() 函數根據地區設定格式化本地時間／日期。

文法
strftime(format,timestamp)參數 描述
format 可選。規定如何返回結果。
timestamp 可選。
提示和注釋
提示：與 gmstrftime() 的行為相同，不同的是返回時間是本地時間。
例子
輸出 strftime() 和 gmstrftime() 的結果：

<?php教程
echo(strftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));
echo(gmstrftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));

//輸出當前日期、時間和時區
echo(gmstrftime("It is %a on %b %d, %Y, %X time zone: %Z",time()));
?>輸出：

Dec 31 1998 20:00:00
Dec 31 1998 19:00:00
It is Wed on Jan 25, 2006, 11:32:10 time zone: W. Europe Standard Time

format  Description Example returned values
Day --- ---
%a An abbreviated textual representation of the day Sun through Sat
%A A full textual representation of the day Sunday through Saturday
%d Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros) 01 to 31
%e Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits 1 to 31
%j Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros 001 to 366
%u ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week 1 (for Monday) though 7 (for Sunday)
%w Numeric representation of the day of the week 0 (for Sunday) through 6 (for Saturday)
Week --- ---
%U Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week 13 (for the 13th full week of the year)
%V ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with

Monday being the start of the week 01 through 53 (where 53 accounts for an overlapping week)
%W A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week 46 (for the 46th week

of the year beginning with a Monday)
Month --- ---
%b Abbreviated month name, based on the locale Jan through Dec
%B Full month name, based on the locale January through December
%h Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b) Jan through Dec
%m Two digit representation of the month 01 (for January) through 12 (for December)
Year --- ---
%C Two digit representation of the century (year divided by 100, truncated to an integer) 19 for the 20th Century
%g Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V) Example: 09 for the week of January 6, 2009
%G The full four-digit version of %g Example: 2008 for the week of January 3, 2009
%y Two digit representation of the year Example: 09 for 2009, 79 for 1979
%Y Four digit representation for the year Example: 2038
Time --- ---
%H Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format 00 through 23
%I Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format 01 through 12
%l (lower-case 'L') Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceeding single digits 1 through 12
%M Two digit representation of the minute 00 through 59
%p UPPER-CASE 'AM' or 'PM' based on the given time Example: AM for 00:31, PM for 22:23
%P lower-case 'am' or 'pm' based on the given time Example: am for 00:31, pm for 22:23
%r Same as "%I:%M:%S %p" Example: 09:34:17 PM for 21:34:17
%R Same as "%H:%M" Example: 00:35 for 12:35 AM, 16:44 for 4:44 PM
%S Two digit representation of the second 00 through 59
%T Same as "%H:%M:%S" Example: 21:34:17 for 09:34:17 PM
%X Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date Example: 03:59:16 or 15:59:16
%z Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system) Example: -0500 or EST for Eastern

Time
%Z The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system) Example: -0500 or EST for Eastern

Time
Time and Date Stamps教程 --- ---
%c Preferred date and time stamp based on local Example: Tue Feb 5 00:45:10 2009 for February 4, 2009 at 12:45:10 AM
%D Same as "%m/%d/%y" Example: 02/05/09 for February 5, 2009
%F Same as "%Y-%m-%d" (commonly used in database datestamps) Example: 2009-02-05 for February 5, 2009
%s Unix Epoch Time timestamp (same as the time() function) Example: 305815200 for September 10, 1979 08:40:00 AM
%x Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time Example: 02/05/09 for February 5, 2009
Miscellaneous --- ---
%n A newline character (" ") ---
%t A Tab character (" ") ---
%% A literal percentage character ("%") ---

<?php
/*     December 2002 / January 2003
ISOWk  M   Tu  W   Thu F   Sa  Su
----- ----------------------------
51     16  17  18  19  20  21  22
52     23  24  25  26  27  28  29
1      30  31   1   2   3   4   5
2       6   7   8   9  10  11  12
3      13  14  15  16  17  18  19   */

// Outputs: 12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2002,2002
echo "12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/28/2002")) . " ";

// Outputs: 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002
echo "12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/30/2002")) . " ";

// Outputs: 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003
echo "1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2003")) . " ";

// Outputs: 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003
echo "1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/10/2003")) . " ";

 

/*     December 2004 / January 2005
ISOWk  M   Tu  W   Thu F   Sa  Su
----- ----------------------------
51     13  14  15  16  17  18  19
52     20  21  22  23  24  25  26
53     27  28  29  30  31   1   2
1       3   4   5   6   7   8   9
2      10  11  12  13  14  15  16   */

// Outputs: 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004
echo "12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/23/2004")) . " ";

// Outputs: 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004
echo "12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/31/2004")) . " ";

// Outputs: 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005
echo "1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/2/2005")) . " ";

// Outputs: 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005
echo "1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2005")) . " ";

?>
]
擷取指定日期的unix時間戳記 strtotime("2009-1-22") 樣本如下：
echo strtotime("2009-1-22")  結果：1232553600
說明：返回2009年1月22日0點0分0秒時間戳記

二，擷取英文文本日期時間 樣本如下：
便於比較，使用date將當時間戳記與指定時間戳記轉換成系統時間

(1)列印明天此時的時間戳記strtotime("+1 day")
目前時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()) 結果：2009-01-22 09:40:25
指定時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",strtotime("+1 day")) 結果：2009-01-23 09:40:25

(2)列印昨天此時的時間戳記strtotime("-1 day")
目前時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()) 結果：2009-01-22 09:40:25
指定時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",strtotime("-1 day")) 結果：2009-01-21 09:40:25

(3)列印下個星期此時的時間戳記strtotime("+1 week")
目前時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()) 結果：2009-01-22 09:40:25
指定時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",strtotime("+1 week")) 結果：2009-01-29 09:40:25

(4)列印上個星期此時的時間戳記strtotime("-1 week")
目前時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()) 結果：2009-01-22 09:40:25
指定時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",strtotime("-1 week")) 結果：2009-01-15 09:40:25

(5)列印指定下星期幾的時間戳記strtotime("next Thursday")
目前時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()) 結果：2009-01-22 09:40:25
指定時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",strtotime("next Thursday")) 結果：2009-01-29 00:00:00

(6)列印指定上星期幾的時間戳記strtotime("last Thursday")
目前時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()) 結果：2009-01-22 09:40:25
指定時間：echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s",strtotime("last Thursday")) 結果：2009-01-15 00:00:00