PHP v5.3 新特性

1）_callStatic() magic 方法

classFoo{    publicstaticfunction__callStatic( $name, $args)    {        echo"Called method $name statically";    }      publicfunction__call( $name, $args)    {        echo"Called method $name";    }}

Foo::dog();       // outputs "Called method dog statically"$foo= newFoo;$foo->dog();      // outputs "Called method dog"

2）動態調用函數

classDog{    publicfunctionbark()    {        echo"Woof!";    }}  $class= "Dog"$action= "bark";$x= new$class(); // instantiates the class "Dog"$x->$action();     // outputs "Woof!" 

3) 標準PHP庫（SPL）

加了了少數幾個容器類，比如，棧（SplStack）和固定數組（SplFixedArray）

$stack= newSplStack();  // push a few new items on the stack$stack->push("a");$stack->push("b");$stack->push("c");  // see how many items are on the stackechocount($stack); // returns 3  // iterate over the items in the stackforeach( $stackas$item)    echo"[$item],";// the above outputs: 1  [/c],[b],[a]  // pop an item off the stack echo $stack->pop(); // returns "c"   // now see how many items are on the stack echo count($stack); // returns 2

4) Closures 功能

關於Closures，這是一個把函數定義成變數的玩意。讓我們看幾個例子：

樣本一：

$string= "Hello World!";$closure= function() use($string) { echo$string; }; $closure();

Output:
Hello World!
樣本二 使用引用的變數

$x= 1$closure= function() use(&$x) { ++$x; } echo$x. "\\n";$closure();echo$x. "\\n";$closure();echo$x. "\\n";

Output:
1
2
3
樣本三，傳回值

functiongetAppender($baseString){      returnfunction($appendString) use($baseString)  { return$baseString.$appendString; };}

樣本四，Reflection

classCounter{      private$x;       publicfunction__construct()      {           $this->x = 0;      }       publicfunctionincrement()      {           $this->x++;      }       publicfunctioncurrentValue()      {           echo$this->x . "\\n";      }}$class= newReflectionClass("Counter");$method= $class->getMethod("currentValue");$closure= $method->getClosure()$closure();$class->increment();$closure();

Output:
0
1
樣本五，Reflection API

$closure= function($x, $y= 1) {};$m= newReflectionMethod($closure);Reflection::export ($m);Output:Method [  publicmethod __invoke ] {  - Parameters [2] {    Parameter #0 [  $x]    Parameter #1 [  $y]  }}

樣本六，Uses Case

$logdb= function($string) { Logger::log("debug","database",$string);};$db= mysqli_connect("server","user","pass");$logdb("Connected to database");$db->query("insert into parts (part, description) values ("Hammer","Pounds nails");$logdb("Insert Hammer into to parts table");$db->query("insert into parts (part, description) values       ("Drill","Puts holes in wood");$logdb("Insert Drill into to parts table");$db->query("insert into parts (part, description) values ("Saw","Cuts wood");$logdb("Insert Saw into to parts table");

更為詳細的文章，請參考這裡，連結。

5) 使用namespace

新版的PHP會開始支援C++式的namespace，請參看樣本：

樣本一

/* Foo.php */<?phpnamespaceFoo;functionbar(){    echo"calling bar....";}?>  /* File1.php */<?phpinclude"./Foo.php";Foo/bar(); // outputs "calling bar....";?>  /* File2.php */<?phpinclude"./Foo.php";useFoo asns;ns/bar(); // outputs "calling bar....";?>  /* File3.php */<?phpinclude"./Foo.php";useFoo;bar(); // outputs "calling bar....";?>

樣本二，多重namespace

 <?phpnamespaceFoo;classTest {}  namespaceBar;classTest {}  $a= newFoo\\Test;$b= newBar\\Test;  var_dump($a, $b);  Output:object(Foo\\Test)#1 (0) {}object(Bar\\Test)#2 (0) {}Output:object(Foo\\Test)#1 (0) { }object(Bar\\Test)#2 (0) { }

樣本三，不同檔案中的namespace

/*定義*//* global.php */<?phpfunctionhello(){    echo"hello from the global scope!";}?>  /* Foo.php */<?phpnamespaceFoo;functionhello(){    echo"hello from the Foo namespace!";}?>  /* Foo_Bar.php */<?phpnamespaceFoo/Bar;functionhello(){    echo"hello from the Foo/Bar namespace!";}?> /*使用 */<?phpinclude"./global.php";include"./Foo.php";include"./Foo_Bar.php"; useFoo;  hello();         // outputs "hello from the Foo namespace!"Bar\\hello();   // outputs "hello from the Foo/Bar namespace!"\\hello();       // outputs "hello from the global scope!"?>

更為詳細的文章，請參考這裡，連結。

6)開始支援Achieve包

正像JAR一樣，PHP也要開始支援自己的Achieve包了，叫作，Phar。PHP提供了一整套函數來協助開發人員建立和使用Phar，正如下面的樣本所示：

建立：

$p= newPhar("/path/to/my.phar", CURRENT_AS_FILEINFO | KEY_AS_FILENAME, "my.phar");$p->startBuffering();

建立檔案存根（stub）

$p->setStub("");

加入檔案：

$p["file.txt"] = "This is a text file";$p["index.php"] = file_get_contents("index.php");$p["big.txt"] = "This is a big text file";$p["big.txt"]->setCompressedBZIP2();//加入某目錄下所有的檔案$p->buildFromDirectory("/path/to/files","./\\.php$/");

使用Phar

include"myphar.phar";include"phar://myphar.phar/file.php";

更為詳細的文章，請參考這裡，連結。

