前面我們和大家分享了php和redis實現商城秒殺功能代碼分享,本文主要為大家詳細介紹了php+redis訊息佇列搶購實現代碼,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的小夥伴們可以參考一下,希望能協助到大家。
實現功能:
1. 基於redis隊列,防止高並發的超賣
2. 基於mysql的事務加排它鎖,防止高並發的超賣
基於redis隊列工作流程:
1. 管理員根據goods表中的庫存,建立redis商品庫存隊列
2. 用戶端訪問秒殺API
3. web伺服器先從redis的商品庫存隊列中查詢剩餘庫存重點內容
4. redis隊列中有剩餘,則在mysql中建立訂單,去庫存,搶購成功
5. redis隊列中沒有剩餘,則提示庫存不足,搶購失敗重點內容
基於mysql事務和排它鎖工作流程:
1. 開啟事務
2. 查詢庫存,並顯示的設定寫鎖(獨佔鎖定):SELECT * FROM goods WHERE id = 1 FOR UPDATE
3. 產生訂單
4. 去庫存,隱示的設定寫鎖(獨佔鎖定):UPDATE goods SET counts = counts – 1 WHERE id = 1
5. commit,釋放鎖
注意:第二步步可以設定共用鎖定,不然有可能會造成死結。
代碼:
<?php/*********************************************** 搶購模組** @author liubin* @date 2016-02-10** ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://192.168.16.73/Seckill/buy.php**/class seckill extends common{ private $_orderModel = null; private $_goodsModel = null; private $_redis = null; /* * 錯誤資訊 */ protected $_error = ''; /** * 構造器 * */ public function __construct() { if($this->_orderModel === null){ $this->_orderModel = new OrderModel(); } if($this->_goodsModel === null){ $this->_goodsModel = new GoodsModel(); } if($this->_redis === null){ $this->_redis = new QRedis(); } } /* * 秒殺API * * @author liubin * @date 2017-02-10 */ public function addQsec(){ $gid = intval($_GET['gid']); $type = isset($_GET['type']) ? $_GET['type'] : 'mysql'; switch ($type) { case 'mysql': $this->order_check_mysql($gid); echo $this->getError(); break; case 'redis': $this->order_check_redis($gid); echo $this->getError(); break; case 'transaction': $this->order_check_transaction($gid); echo $this->getError(); break; default: echo '類型錯誤'; break; } } /* * 擷取錯誤資訊 * * @author liubin * @date 2017-02-10 */ public function getError(){ return $this->_error; } /* * 基於mysql驗證庫存資訊 * @desc 高並發下會導致超賣 * * @author liubin * @date 2017-02-10 */ protected function order_check_mysql($gid){ $model = $this->_goodsModel; $pdo = $model->getHandler(); $gid = intval($gid); /* * 1:$sql_forlock如果不加事務,不加寫鎖: * 超賣非常嚴重,就不說了 * * 2:$sql_forlock如果不加事務,只加寫鎖: * 第一個會話讀$sql_forlock時加寫鎖,第一個會話$sql_forlock查詢結束會釋放該行鎖. * 第二個會話在第一個會話釋放後讀$sql_forlock的寫鎖時,會再次$sql_forlock查庫存 * 導致超賣現象產生 * */ $sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update'; //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1'; $result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); $goodsInfo = $result->fetch(); if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){ //去庫存 $gid = $goodsInfo['id']; $sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid; $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory); if($result){ //創訂單 $data = []; $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo(); $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id']; $data['addtime'] = time(); $data['uid'] = 1; $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data); if($order_rs){ $this->_error = '購買成功'; return true; } } } $this->_error = '庫存不足'; return false; } /* * 基於redis隊列驗證庫存資訊 * @desc Redis是底層是單線程的,命令執行是原子操作,包括lpush,lpop等.高並發下不會導致超賣 * * @author liubin * @date 2017-02-10 */ protected function order_check_redis($gid){ $goodsInfo = $this->_goodsModel->getGoods($gid); if(!$goodsInfo){ $this->_error = '商品不存在'; return false; } $key = 'goods_list_'.$goodsInfo['id']; $count = $this->_redis->getHandel()->lpop($key); if(!$count){ $this->_error = '庫存不足'; return false; } //產生訂單 $data = []; $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo(); $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id']; $data['addtime'] = time(); $data['uid'] = 1; $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data); //庫存減少 $gid = $goodsInfo['id']; $sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid; $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql); $this->_error = '購買成功'; return true; } /* * 基於mysql事務驗證庫存資訊 * @desc 事務 和 行鎖 模式,高並發下不會導致超賣,但效率會慢點 * @author liubin * @date 2017-02-10 說明: 如果$sql_forlock不加寫鎖,並發時,$sql_forlock查詢的記錄存都大於0,可以減庫存操作. 如果$sql_forlock加了寫鎖,並發時,$sql_forlock查詢是等待第一次連結釋放後查詢.所以庫存最多就是5 */ protected function order_check_transaction($gid){ $model = $this->_goodsModel; $pdo = $model->getHandler(); $gid = intval($gid); try{ $pdo->beginTransaction();//開啟交易處理 /* * 1:$sql_forlock如果只加事務,不加寫鎖: * 開啟事務 * 因為沒有加鎖,讀$sql_forlock後,並發時$sql_inventory之前還可以再讀。 * $sql_inventory之後和commit之前才會鎖定 * 出現超賣跟事務的一致性不衝突 * * * 2:$sql_forlock如果加了事務,又加讀鎖: * 開啟事務 * 第一個會話讀$sql_forlock時加讀鎖,並發時,第二個會話也允許獲得$sql_forlock的讀鎖, * 但是在第一個會話執行去庫存操作時(寫鎖),寫鎖便會等待第二個會話的讀鎖,第二個會話執行寫操作時,寫鎖便會等待第一個會話的讀鎖, * 出現死結 * 3:$sql_forlock如果加了事務,又加寫鎖: * 開啟事務 * 第一個會話讀$sql_forlock時加寫鎖,直到commit才會釋放寫鎖,並發查詢不會出現超賣現象。 * */ $sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update'; //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 LOCK IN SHARE MODE'; //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1'; $result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); $goodsInfo = $result->fetch(); if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){ //去庫存 $gid = $goodsInfo['id']; $sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid; $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory); if(!$result){ $pdo->rollBack(); $this->_error = '庫存減少失敗'; return false; } //創訂單 $data = []; $data['id'] = 'null'; $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo(); $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id']; $data['uid'] = 'abc'; $data['addtime'] = time(); $sql = 'insert into orders (id,order_id,goods_id,uid,addtime) values ('.$data['id'].',"'.$data['order_id'].'","'.$data['goods_id'].'","'.$data['uid'].'","'.$data['addtime'].'")'; $result = $pdo->exec($sql); if(!$result){ $pdo->rollBack(); $this->_error = '訂單建立失敗'; return false; } $pdo->commit();//提交 $this->_error = '購買成功'; return true; }else{ $this->_error = '庫存不足'; return false; } }catch(PDOException $e){ echo $e->getMessage(); $pdo->rollBack(); } } /* * 建立訂單 * mysql 事物處理,也可以用預存程序 * */ private function create_order($goodsInfo){ //產生訂單 $data = []; $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo(); $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id']; $data['addtime'] = time(); $data['uid'] = 1; $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data); //庫存減少 $gid = $goodsInfo['id']; $sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid; $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql); return true; }}