標籤:
介紹:
barman是postgresql備份還原的管理工具。官網: http://www.pgbarman.org/
本文環境:
系統: centos6.6
PostgreSQL 9.3.9
barman-1.4.1-1.rhel6.noarch.rpm
主機如下:
192.168.33.30 pgserver192.168.33.31 backup
其中pgserver與backup安裝相同版本的pg
postgresql的安裝見:http://my.oschina.net/firxiao/blog/295027
安裝與配置:在pgserver上安裝rsync:
yum install rsync -y
在backup上安裝並配置barman:
配置epel源:
curl firxiao.com/sh/chrepo.sh|bash
安裝barman:
yum install -y http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pgbarman/1.4.1/barman-1.4.1-1.rhel6.noarch.rpm
配置barman:
mv /etc/barman.conf /etc/barman.conf.bakvim /etc/barman.conf
添加如下內容:
[barman]barman_home = /var/lib/barmanbarman_user = barmanlog_file = /var/log/barman/barman.logconfiguration_files_directory = /etc/barman.dcompression = gzipreuse_backup = linkbandwidth_limit = 4000basebackup_retry_times = 3basebackup_retry_sleep = 30
建立設定檔目錄
mkdir /etc/barman.d
建立名字為pgserver的備份配置
vim /etc/barman.d/pgserver.conf
添加如下內容
[pgserver]description = "The pgserver PostgreSQL Database"ssh_command = ssh [email protected]conninfo = host=pgserver user=postgresminimum_redundancy = 1retention_policy = RECOVERY WINDOW OF 4 WEEKS
各個參數的定義詳見
man 5 barman
配置雙機ssh信任登入:
使用ssh-copy-id 需要用到pgserver上的postgre使用者密碼及backup上barman使用者密碼
使用passwd 給予即可
配置完畢後使用passwd -d 刪除密碼
在pgserver上配置
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /var/lib/pgsql/.ssh[[email protected] ~]# chown postgres /var/lib/pgsql/.ssh[[email protected] ~]# su - postgres-bash-4.1$ ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/var/lib/pgsql/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /var/lib/pgsql/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /var/lib/pgsql/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:5b:bf:25:02:1c:36:e3:b9:98:42:5a:85:27:d4:03:92 [email protected]The key‘s randomart image is:+--[ RSA 2048]----+| ..oo || Eo .o || o o.= || + + = || o S . || + o = . || . . o o . o . || . . + || . |+-----------------+-bash-4.1$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]The authenticity of host ‘backup (192.168.33.31)‘ can‘t be established.RSA key fingerprint is f3:48:30:89:03:76:cb:04:19:7a:fe:8d:6c:90:e4:fe.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added ‘backup,192.168.33.31‘ (RSA) to the list of known hosts.[email protected]‘s password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh ‘[email protected]‘", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keysto make sure we haven‘t added extra keys that you weren‘t expecting.-bash-4.1$ ssh [email protected]
不輸入密碼即可登入backup表示配置成功
在backup上配置
[[email protected] ~]# su - barman-bash-4.1$ ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/var/lib/barman/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /var/lib/barman/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /var/lib/barman/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:59:f3:8a:23:56:b5:00:b2:40:e2:a9:fb:ea:95:1d:b8 [email protected]The key‘s randomart image is:+--[ RSA 2048]----+|..o . . ||.... o . || o . . + ||. . = + ||. . . S . . || . + .. . . ||. E .o o . || .. . . . ||oo. |+-----------------+-bash-4.1$ ssh-copy-id [email protected][email protected]‘s password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh ‘[email protected]‘", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keysto make sure we haven‘t added extra keys that you weren‘t expecting.-bash-4.1$ ssh [email protected]
不輸入密碼即可登入pgserver表示配置成功
配置pgserver中的postgresql:
[[email protected] ~]# vim /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/postgresql.conf
添加如下內容
wal_level = ‘archive‘ # For PostgreSQL >= 9.0archive_mode = onarchive_command = ‘rsync -a %p [email protected]:INCOMING_WALS_DIRECTORY/%f‘
其中INCOMING_WALS_DIRECTORY 可以在backup伺服器上使用
#barman show-server pgserver|grep "incoming_wals_directory"incoming_wals_directory: /var/lib/barman/pgserver/incoming
查看 並更改為那個目錄
所以替換後應該是:
wal_level = ‘archive‘ # For PostgreSQL >= 9.0archive_mode = onarchive_command = ‘rsync -a %p [email protected]:/var/lib/barman/pgserver/incoming/%f‘
接下來配置backup可以免密碼登入
vim /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/pg_hba.conf
添加
host all postgres 192.168.33.31/32 trust
注意其中的IP地址為backup的地址
驗證配置:
在backup上檢查是否配置成功
#psql -c ‘SELECT version()‘ -U postgres -h pgserver version --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PostgreSQL 9.3.9 on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11), 64-bit(1 行記錄)
驗證barman配置
[[email protected] ~]# barman check pgserverServer pgserver:ssh: OKPostgreSQL: OKarchive_mode: OKarchive_command: OKdirectories: OKretention policy settings: OKbackup maximum age: OK (no last_backup_maximum_age provided)compression settings: OKminimum redundancy requirements: FAILED (have 0 backups, expected at least 1)
最後一行為檢查最小儲存備份數,因為還沒有備份所以為0,其他的都為ok就可以了
基本使用:
以下操作均在backup上執行
開始備份:
[[email protected] ~]# barman backup pgserverStarting backup for server pgserver in /var/lib/barman/pgserver/base/20150914T151454Backup start at xlog location: 0/6000028 (000000010000000000000006, 00000028)Copying files.Copy done.Backup size: 32.1 MiB. Actual size on disk: 141.8 KiB (-99.57% deduplication ratio).Asking PostgreSQL server to finalize the backup.Backup end at xlog location: 0/60000B8 (000000010000000000000006, 000000B8)Backup completedProcessing xlog segments for pgserver000000010000000000000005000000010000000000000006000000010000000000000006.00000028.backup
列出備份:
[[email protected] ~]# barman list-backup pgserverpgserver 20150914T151454 - Mon Sep 14 15:14:55 2015 - Size: 32.1 MiB - WAL Size: 0 Bpgserver 20150914T143210 - Mon Sep 14 14:32:11 2015 - Size: 32.1 MiB - WAL Size: 32.1 KiBpgserver 20150914T142931 - Mon Sep 14 14:29:41 2015 - Size: 32.1 MiB - WAL Size: 1.9 MiBpgserver 20150914T142547 - FAILED
刪除備份:
[[email protected] ~]# barman delete pgserver 20150914T142547Deleting backup 20150914T142547 for server pgserverDelete associated WAL segments:Done
恢複備份:
資料庫誤刪除 丟失的時候 就需要恢複了
[[email protected] ~]# su - barman-bash-4.1$ barman recover pgserver 20150914T142931 /tmp/pgserver_recoverStarting local restore for server pgserver using backup 20150914T142931 Destination directory: /tmp/pgserver_recoverCopying the base backup.Copying required wal segments.Generating archive status filesDisabling dangerous settings in destination directory.The archive_command was set to ‘false‘ to prevent data losses.Your PostgreSQL server has been successfully prepared for recovery!Please review network and archive related settings in the PostgreSQLconfiguration file before starting the just recovered instance.Recovery completed successful.
這個操作會將資料庫啟動所需的檔案複製到指定的目錄然後使用命令啟動即可
-bash-4.1$ /usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/pg_ctl -D /tmp/pg_recover/ startserver starting-bash-4.1$ < 2015-09-14 15:52:06.384 CST >LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process< 2015-09-14 15:52:06.384 CST >HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "pg_log".-bash-4.1$ ps -ef|grep postgresbarman 4547 1 0 15:52 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/postgres -D /tmp/pg_recoverbarman 4548 4547 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logger process barman 4550 4547 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer process barman 4551 4547 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 postgres: writer process barman 4552 4547 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process barman 4553 4547 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process barman 4554 4547 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 postgres: archiver process failed on 000000010000000000000009barman 4555 4547 0 15:52 ? 00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process barman 4560 4434 0 15:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep postgres
連上上這個資料庫,從中找出你丟失的資料 然後恢複至pgserver中吧
停掉資料庫:
-bash-4.1$ /usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/pg_ctl -D /tmp/pg_recover/ stopwaiting for server to shut down....... doneserver stopped
定時備份:
利用cron實現定時備份
#crontab -e
添加如下資訊即可:
*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/barman backup pgserver >/dev/null 2>&1
(5分鐘備份一次)
到此已經完成了barman的基本配置及備份還原。
參考:
安裝及配置: http://docs.pgbarman.org/#installation
更多barman配置及使用詳見官方文檔: http://docs.pgbarman.org/
postgresql 增量備份