python------模組定義、匯入、最佳化 ------->xml模組

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1. xml模組

引用參考原文連結：https://www.cnblogs.com/python-gm/p/8032465.html      謝謝 

       xml是實現不同語言或程式之間進行資料交換的協議，跟json差不多，但json使用起來更簡單，不過，古時候，

在json還沒誕生的黑暗年代，大家只能選擇用xml呀，至今很多傳統公司如金融行業的很多系統的介面還主要是xml。

xml的格式如下，就是通過<>節點來區別資料結構的:

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?> 2 <data> 3     <country name="Liechtenstein"> 4         <rank updated="yes">2</rank> 5         <year>2008</year> 6         <gdppc>141100</gdppc> 7         <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/> 8         <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/> 9     </country>10     <country name="Singapore">11         <rank updated="yes">5</rank>12         <year>2011</year>13         <gdppc>59900</gdppc>14         <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>15     </country>16     <country name="Panama">17         <rank updated="yes">69</rank>18         <year>2011</year>19         <gdppc>13600</gdppc>20         <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>21         <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>22     </country>23 </data>　　

怎樣用python處理xml ?

          xml協議在各個語言裡都是支援的，在python中可以用以下模組操作xml.

 

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")   #指向需要操作的  .xml  檔案
root = tree.getroot()
print(root.tag)

# 遍曆xml文檔
for child in root:
    print(child.tag, child.attrib)
    for i in child:
        print(i.tag, i.text)
print(20*‘==‘)
# 只遍曆year 節點
for node in root.iter(‘year‘):
    print(node.tag, node.text)

運行結果：

data
country {‘name‘: ‘Liechtenstein‘}
rank 2
year 2008
gdppc 141100
neighbor None
neighbor None
country {‘name‘: ‘Singapore‘}
rank 5
year 2011
gdppc 59900
neighbor None
country {‘name‘: ‘Panama‘}
rank 69
year 2011
gdppc 13600
neighbor None
neighbor None
========================================
year 2008
year 2011
year 2011

2）修改和刪除xml文檔內容

 1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET 2    3 tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml") 4 root = tree.getroot() 5    6 #修改 7 for node in root.iter(‘year‘): 8     new_year = int(node.text) + 1 9     node.text = str(new_year)10     node.set("updated","yes")11   12 tree.write("xmltest.xml")13   14   15 #刪除node16 for country in root.findall(‘country‘):17    rank = int(country.find(‘rank‘).text)18    if rank > 50:19      root.remove(country)20   21 tree.write(‘output.xml‘)　　

3）自己建立xml文檔

 1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET 2    3    4 new_xml = ET.Element("namelist") 5 name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"}) 6 age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"}) 7 sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex") 8 sex.text = ‘33‘ 9 name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})10 age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")11 age.text = ‘19‘12   13 et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #產生文檔對象14 et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)15   16 ET.dump(new_xml) #列印產生的格式　

 

python------模組定義、匯入、最佳化 ------->xml模組