Python ping 模組

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粘貼一下 v0.2的代碼備用

#!/usr/bin/env python"""    A pure python ping implementation using raw socket.    Note that ICMP messages can only be sent from processes running as root.    Derived from ping.c distributed in Linux's netkit. That code is    copyright (c) 1989 by The Regents of the University of California.    That code is in turn derived from code written by Mike Muuss of the    US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory in December, 1983 and    placed in the public domain. They have my thanks.    Bugs are naturally mine. I'd be glad to hear about them. There are    certainly word - size dependenceies here.    Copyright (c) Matthew Dixon Cowles, <http://www.visi.com/~mdc/>.    Distributable under the terms of the GNU General Public License    version 2. Provided with no warranties of any sort.    Original Version from Matthew Dixon Cowles:      -> ftp://ftp.visi.com/users/mdc/ping.py    Rewrite by Jens Diemer:      -> http://www.python-forum.de/post-69122.html#69122    Rewrite by George Notaras:      -> http://www.g-loaded.eu/2009/10/30/python-ping/    Fork by Pierre Bourdon:      -> http://bitbucket.org/delroth/python-ping/    Revision history    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~    November 22, 1997    -----------------    Initial hack. Doesn't do much, but rather than try to guess    what features I (or others) will want in the future, I've only    put in what I need now.    December 16, 1997    -----------------    For some reason, the checksum bytes are in the wrong order when    this is run under Solaris 2.X for SPARC but it works right under    Linux x86. Since I don't know just what's wrong, I'll swap the    bytes always and then do an htons().    December 4, 2000    ----------------    Changed the struct.pack() calls to pack the checksum and ID as    unsigned. My thanks to Jerome Poincheval for the fix.    May 30, 2007    ------------    little rewrite by Jens Diemer:     -  change socket asterisk import to a normal import     -  replace time.time() with time.clock()     -  delete "return None" (or change to "return" only)     -  in checksum() rename "str" to "source_string"    November 8, 2009    ----------------    Improved compatibility with GNU/Linux systems.    Fixes by:     * George Notaras -- http://www.g-loaded.eu    Reported by:     * Chris Hallman -- http://cdhallman.blogspot.com    Changes in this release:     - Re-use time.time() instead of time.clock(). The 2007 implementation       worked only under Microsoft Windows. Failed on GNU/Linux.       time.clock() behaves differently under the two OSes[1].    [1] http://docs.python.org/library/time.html#time.clock    September 25, 2010    ------------------    Little modifications by Georgi Kolev:     -  Added quiet_ping function.     -  returns percent lost packages, max round trip time, avrg round trip        time     -  Added packet size to verbose_ping & quiet_ping functions.     -  Bump up version to 0.2"""__version__ = "0.2"import osimport selectimport socketimport structimport sysimport time# From /usr/include/linux/icmp.h; your milage may vary.ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST = 8 # Seems to be the same on Solaris.def checksum(source_string):    """    I'm not too confident that this is right but testing seems    to suggest that it gives the same answers as in_cksum in ping.c    """    sum = 0    count_to = (len(source_string) / 2) * 2    for count in xrange(0, count_to, 2):        this = ord(source_string[count + 1]) * 256 + ord(source_string[count])        sum = sum + this        sum = sum & 0xffffffff # Necessary?    if count_to < len(source_string):        sum = sum + ord(source_string[len(source_string) - 1])        sum = sum & 0xffffffff # Necessary?    sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff)    sum = sum + (sum >> 16)    answer = ~sum    answer = answer & 0xffff    # Swap bytes. Bugger me if I know why.    answer = answer >> 8 | (answer << 8 & 0xff00)    return answerdef receive_one_ping(my_socket, id, timeout):    """    Receive the ping from the socket.    """    time_left = timeout    while True:        started_select = time.time()        what_ready = select.select([my_socket], [], [], time_left)        how_long_in_select = (time.time() - started_select)        if what_ready[0] == []: # Timeout            return        time_received = time.time()        received_packet, addr = my_socket.recvfrom(1024)        icmpHeader = received_packet[20:28]        type, code, checksum, packet_id, sequence = struct.unpack(            "bbHHh", icmpHeader        )        if packet_id == id:            bytes = struct.calcsize("d")            time_sent = struct.unpack("d", received_packet[28:28 + bytes])[0]            return time_received - time_sent        time_left = time_left - how_long_in_select        if time_left <= 0:            returndef send_one_ping(my_socket, dest_addr, id, psize):    """    Send one ping to the given >dest_addr<.    """    dest_addr  =  socket.gethostbyname(dest_addr)    # Remove header size from packet size    psize = psize - 8    # Header is type (8), code (8), checksum (16), id (16), sequence (16)    my_checksum = 0    # Make a dummy heder with a 0 checksum.    header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, my_checksum, id, 1)    bytes = struct.calcsize("d")    data = (psize - bytes) * "Q"    data = struct.pack("d", time.time()) + data    # Calculate the checksum on the data and the dummy header.    my_checksum = checksum(header + data)    # Now that we have the right checksum, we put that in. It's just easier    # to make up a new header than to stuff it into the dummy.    header = struct.pack(        "bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, socket.htons(my_checksum), id, 1    )    packet = header + data    my_socket.sendto(packet, (dest_addr, 1)) # Don't know about the 1def do_one(dest_addr, timeout, psize):    """    Returns either the delay (in seconds) or none on timeout.    """    icmp = socket.getprotobyname("icmp")    try:        my_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, icmp)    except socket.error, (errno, msg):        if errno == 1:            # Operation not permitted            msg = msg + (                " - Note that ICMP messages can only be sent from processes"                " running as root."            )            raise socket.error(msg)        raise # raise the original error    my_id = os.getpid() & 0xFFFF    send_one_ping(my_socket, dest_addr, my_id, psize)    delay = receive_one_ping(my_socket, my_id, timeout)    my_socket.close()    return delaydef verbose_ping(dest_addr, timeout = 2, count = 4, psize = 64):    """    Send `count' ping with `psize' size to `dest_addr' with    the given `timeout' and display the result.    """    for i in xrange(count):        print "ping %s with ..." % dest_addr,        try:            delay  =  do_one(dest_addr, timeout, psize)        except socket.gaierror, e:            print "failed. (socket error: '%s')" % e[1]            break        if delay  ==  None:            print "failed. (timeout within %ssec.)" % timeout        else:            delay  =  delay * 1000            print "get ping in %0.4fms" % delay    printdef quiet_ping(dest_addr, timeout = 2, count = 4, psize = 64):    """    Send `count' ping with `psize' size to `dest_addr' with    the given `timeout' and display the result.    Returns `percent' lost packages, `max' round trip time    and `avrg' round trip time.    """    mrtt = None    artt = None    lost = 0    plist = []    for i in xrange(count):        try:            delay = do_one(dest_addr, timeout, psize)        except socket.gaierror, e:            print "failed. (socket error: '%s')" % e[1]            break        if delay != None:            delay = delay * 1000            plist.append(delay)    # Find lost package percent    percent_lost = 100 - (len(plist) * 100 / count)    # Find max and avg round trip time    if plist:        mrtt = max(plist)        artt = sum(plist) / len(plist)    return percent_lost, mrtt, arttif __name__ == '__main__':    #verbose_ping("heise.de")    #verbose_ping("google.com")    #verbose_ping("a-test-url-taht-is-not-available.com")    verbose_ping("www.xd.com")    print quiet_ping("www.xd.com",count=10)