[Python] Python 學習,python學習
Python 學習 - 可視化資料操作(一)
GitHub:https://github.com/liqingwen2015/my_data_view
目錄
折線圖
cube_squares.py
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltx_values=list(range(1, 5000))y_values=[pow(x, 3) for x in x_values]plt.scatter(x_values, y_values, c=y_values, cmap=plt.cm.Blues, edgecolor='none', s=40)# 設定標題和樣式plt.title("Square Numbers", fontsize=24)plt.xlabel("Value", fontsize=14)plt.ylabel("Square of Value", fontsize=14)# 設定刻度標記的大小plt.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=14)plt.show()
# 簡單的折線圖
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltinput_values=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]squares = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]# 繪製線條的粗細plt.plot(input_values, squares, linewidth=5)# 設定圖表標題,並給座標軸加上標籤plt.title("Square Numbers", fontsize=24)plt.xlabel("Value", fontsize=14)plt.ylabel("Square of Value", fontsize=14)# 設定刻度標記的大小,axis='both' 表示指定的實參影響 x 軸和 y 軸上的刻度plt.tick_params(axis='both', labelsize=14)plt.show()
# 散佈圖import matplotlib.pyplot as pltx_values = list(range(1, 1001))y_values = [x**2 for x in x_values]# c:顏色#plt.scatter(x_values, y_values, c='red', edgecolor='none', s=40)#plt.scatter(x_values, y_values, c=(0, 0, 8), edgecolor='none', s=40)plt.scatter(x_values, y_values, c=y_values, cmap=plt.cm.Blues, edgecolor='none', s=40)# 設定標題和樣式plt.title("Square Numbers", fontsize=24)plt.xlabel("Value", fontsize=14)plt.ylabel("Square of Value", fontsize=14)# 設定刻度標記的大小plt.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=14)plt.show()# 儲存圖表#plt.savefig('squared_plot.png', bbox_inches='tight')
from random import choiceclass RandomWalk(): def __init__(self, num_points=5000): # 初始化隨機漫步的屬性 self.num_points = num_points # 所有隨機漫步都始於(0, 0) self.x_values = [0] self.y_values = [0] def fill_walk(self): # 不斷漫步,直到列表達到指定的長度 while len(self.x_values) < self.num_points: x_step = self.get_step(); y_step = self.get_step(); # 拒絕原地踏步 if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0: continue # 計算下一個點的 x 和 y 值 next_x = self.x_values[-1] + x_step next_y = self.y_values[-1] + y_step self.x_values.append(next_x) self.y_values.append(next_y) def get_step(self): # 決定前進方向以及沿這個方向前進的距離 direction = choice([1, -1]) # 隨機選 1 或 -1 distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) # 隨機選 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 return direction * distance # 正數:右移,負數:左移
rw_visual.py
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom 隨機漫步.random_walk import RandomWalkwhile True: # 建立一個 RandomWalk 執行個體,並將其包含的點都繪製出來 rw = RandomWalk(5000) rw.fill_walk() point_numbers = list(range(rw.num_points)) plt.scatter(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, c=point_numbers, cmap=plt.cm.Blues, edgecolors='none', s=1) # 設定繪圖視窗的尺寸 #plt.figure(dpi=128, figsize=(10, 6)) # 突出起點和終點 plt.scatter(0, 0, c='green', edgecolors='none', s=100) plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1], rw.y_values[-1], c='red', edgecolors='none', s=100) #plt.plot(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, linewidth=10) # 隱藏座標軸 plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False) plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False) plt.show() keep_running = input("繼續?(y/n):") if keep_running == 'n': break
骰子點數機率
die.py
from random import randintclass Die(): # 表示一個骰子類 def __init__(self, num_sides=6): # 6 面 self.num_sides = num_sides def roll(self): # 返回 1~6 return randint(1, self.num_sides)
die_visual.py
import pygalfrom 骰子.die import Die# 建立一個 D6die = Die()results = []for roll_num in range(1000): result = die.roll() results.append(result)frequencies = []for value in range(1, die.num_sides+1): # 計算某個值出現同樣的次數 frequency = results.count(value) frequencies.append(frequency)# 對結果進行可視化hist = pygal.Bar()hist.title = "D6 1000次:"hist.x_labels = [str(num) for num in range(1, 7)] #['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6']hist.x_title = "結果"hist.y_title = "機率"hist.add('D6', frequencies)hist.render_to_file('images/die_visual.svg')
import pygalfrom 骰子.die import Die# 建立 2 個 D6die_1 = Die()die_2 = Die()results = []for roll_num in range(1000): result = die_1.roll() + die_2.roll() results.append(result)frequencies = []max_results = die_1.num_sides + die_2.num_sidesfor value in range(2, max_results+1): # 計算某個值出現同樣的次數 frequency = results.count(value) frequencies.append(frequency)# 對結果進行可視化hist = pygal.Bar()hist.title = "D6 100次:"hist.x_labels = [str(num) for num in range(1, 13)] #['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', '11', '12']hist.x_title = "結果"hist.y_title = "出現的次數"hist.add('D6 + D6', frequencies)hist.render_to_file('images/dice_visual.svg')
different_dice.py
import pygalfrom 骰子.die import Die# 建立一個 D6 和 D10die_1 = Die()die_2 = Die(10)results = []for roll_num in range(5000): result = die_1.roll() + die_2.roll() results.append(result)frequencies = []max_results = die_1.num_sides + die_2.num_sidesfor value in range(2, max_results+1): # 計算某個值出現同樣的次數 frequency = results.count(value) frequencies.append(frequency)# 對結果進行可視化hist = pygal.Bar()hist.title = "5000 次:D6 + D10 的結果。"hist.x_labels = [str(num) for num in range(2, 17)]hist.x_title = "結果"hist.y_title = "重複出現的次數"hist.add('D6 + D10', frequencies)hist.render_to_file('images/different_visual.svg')
檔案目錄
GitHub:https://github.com/liqingwen2015/my_data_view