Python發送多個附件和支援HTML及純文字內容的 Email 實現

標籤：python   電子郵件   smtp   附件   發送html   

由於工作中經常需要收發電子郵件，例如每日（周）的工作報告，測試報告，監控警示，定時提醒等等，大都已電子郵件的形式發送。本文將實現一個 Python 的電子郵件發送類，支援發送多個附件（目錄），HTML或純文字內容，抄送收件者，多個接收者等功能。

代碼實現

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-'''Copyright (C)  2015 By Thomas Hu.  All rights reserved.@author : Thomas Hu@version: 1.0@created: 2015-05-17'''import base64import httplibimport reimport osimport smtplibfrom xml.etree import ElementTreefrom email.utils import formatdatefrom email.MIMEText import MIMETextfrom email.MIMEBase import MIMEBasefrom email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email import Encodersclass EmailSender(object):    def __init__(self, smtp_server, smtp_port=0, verbose=False, debug_level=1, encoding="utf-8"):        ''' Initiate the EmailSender.        @param smtp_server: the Email SMTP server.        @param smtp_port:   the Email SMTP server port, if use the default port(25), you can set it to 0 or 25.        @param verbose:     show the processing information if set to 'True', default is 'False'.        @param debug_level: set the smtplib debug level, if it's '0', will enable debug information.        @param encoding:    the encoding or charset for email body text or attachment file name, default is "utf-8".        '''        self.server = smtp_server        self.port = int(smtp_port)        self.verbose = verbose        self.debug_level = int(debug_level)        self.encoding = encoding        self.attachments = []        #Create smtp instance        self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.server, self.port)        self.smtp.set_debuglevel(self.debug_level)        self.print_verbose("Init SMTP server successfully. server=%s, port=%d."%(self.server, self.port))    def print_verbose(self, message):        '''Print the verbose information.        @param message: the message to be print if the verbose is "True".        '''        if self.verbose:            print(message)                def login(self, user, password):        '''Login to SMTP server.        @param user:     the user name of the email sender.        @param password: the passord of the user for login to SMTP server.        '''        self.from_addr = user + "@" + ".".join(self.server.split(".")[1:])        try:            self.print_verbose("Start to login into SMTP server.server=%s, port=%d."%(self.server, self.port))            self.smtp.login(user, password)            self.print_verbose("Login into SMTP server successfully.")        except Exception as ex:            print("Login into SMTP server failed! Error info: %s"%(str(ex)))    def __add_attachment_file(self, filename, encoding, Filter):        '''Add attachment file to the attachment list.        @param filename:  the file name of attachment, should not be a path.        @param encoding:  the encode of the attachment file name.        @param Filter:    the file filter object, must implement 'accept(filename)' interface, and return True or False.        '''        # Check if the file is acceptable by the Filter        if Filter is not None:            try:                accept = Filter.accept(filename)            except:                accept = False            if accept == False:                return        # Add the attachment to the attachment list        try:            basename = os.path.basename(filename)            attach = MIMEBase("application", "octet-stream")            attach.set_payload(open(filename, "rb").read())            #attach.add_header("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=%s"%(basename))            attach.add_header("Content-Disposition", "attachment", filename=(encoding, "", basename))            Encoders.encode_base64(attach)            self.attachments.append(attach)            self.print_verbose("Add attachment \"%s\" successfully."%(filename))        except Exception as ex:            print("Add attachment file \"%s\" failed. Error info: %s."%(filename, str(ex)))                    def add_attachment(self, path, encoding=None, Filter=None):        '''Add attachment file to the attachment list.        @param path:      the path of files to be added as attachment files. If is a directory, all of the files in it will be added.        @param encoding:  the encode of the attachment file name.        @param Filter:    the file filter object, must implement 'accept(filename)' interface, and return True or False.        '''        if not os.path.exists(path):            self.print_verbose("Warning: attachment path \"%s\" is not exists."%(path))            return        charset = encoding if (encoding is not None) else self.encoding        if os.path.isfile(path):            return self.__add_attachment_file(path, charset, Filter)        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):            for f in files:                fname = os.path.join(root, f)                self.__add_attachment_file(fname, charset, Filter)                    def send_email(self, subject, to_addrs, cc_addrs, content, subtype="plain", charset=None):        '''Send the email to the receivers.        @param subject:    the email's subject(title).        @param to_addrs:   the receivers' addresses, it's a list looks like ["[email protected]_server.com", "[email protected]_server.com"].        @param cc_addrs:   the copy to receivers' addresses, has the same format as to_addrs.        @param content:    the email message body, it can be plain text or HTML text, which depends on the parameter 'content_type'.        @param subtype:    the content type, it can be "html" or "plain", default is "plain".        @param charset:    the charset of message content, default is "None", use the same encoding as the initial function, which default is "utf-8".        @return: if send successfully, return 'True', otherwise, return 'False'.        '''        charset = charset if charset is not None else self.encoding                #Set the root information        msg_root = MIMEMultipart("related")        msg_root["Subject"] = subject        msg_root["From"] = self.from_addr  # You can change it to any string        msg_root["To"] = ",".join(to_addrs)        msg_root["CC"] = ",".join(cc_addrs)        msg_root["Date"] = formatdate(localtime=True)        msg_root.preamble = "This is a multi-part message in MIME format."        #Encapsulate the plain and HTML of the message body into an 'alternative' part,        #so message agents can decide which they want to display.        msg_alt = MIMEMultipart("alternative")        #Set the message content        msg_txt = MIMEText(content, subtype.lower(), charset)        msg_alt.attach(msg_txt)        #Add the alternative part to root part.        msg_root.attach(msg_alt)        #Add the attachment files        for attach in self.attachments:            msg_root.attach(attach)        #Extend the copy to addresses to to_addrs        to_addrs.extend(cc_addrs)        #Send the email        try:            self.smtp.sendmail(self.from_addr, to_addrs, msg_root.as_string())            self.print_verbose("Send email successfully.")        except Exception as ex:            print("Send email failed. Error info:%s"%(str(ex)))            return False        return True    def close(self):        '''Quit from the SMTP.        '''        self.smtp.quit()        self.print_verbose("Logout SMTP server successfully.")        def test():    smtp_server = "smtp.163.com"    user = "yyy"    password = "yyyxxx"    from_addr = "[email protected]"    to_addrs = ["[email protected]"]    cc_addrs = []    subject = "Email sending test"    content ='Dear Friends,<p/><a href="http://blog.csdn.net/thomashtq"> Welcome to my CSDN blog!</a> <p/>Thanks a lot!'    attach_files=[r"D:\temp\sendemail\attach"]    emailsender = EmailSender(smtp_server, verbose=True)    emailsender.login(user, password)    for attach in attach_files:        emailsender.add_attachment(attach, "utf-8")    emailsender.send_email(subject, to_addrs, cc_addrs, content, subtype="html", charset="utf-8")    emailsender.close()        if __name__ == '__main__':    test()

代碼中都有詳細的解釋，請原諒我用英文注釋啊，習慣了^_^。 運行時，請將 test() 函數中相關的使用者名稱、密碼、伺服器、收件者、附件列表等進行修改。也就是  test()函數中開頭那段代碼（空行之前的），根據自己的具體情況進行修改就 OK 了。

Python發送多個附件和支援HTML及純文字內容的 Email 實現