關於php如何調用Python快速發送高並發郵件的範例程式碼

1 簡介

在PHP中發送郵件，通常都是封裝一個php的smtp郵件類來發送郵件。但是PHP底層的socket編程相對於python來說效率是非常低的。CleverCode同時寫過用python寫的爬蟲抓取網頁，和用php寫的爬蟲抓取網頁。發現雖然用了php的curl抓取網頁，但是涉及到逾時，多線程同時抓取等等。不得不說python在網路編程的效率要比PHP好的多。

PHP在發送郵件時候，自己寫的smtp類，發送的效率和速度都比較低。特別是並發發送大量帶有附件報表的郵件的時候。php的效率很低。建議可以使用php調用python的方式來發送郵件。

2 程式

2.1 python程式

php的程式和python的檔案必須是相同的編碼。如都是gbk編號，或者同時utf-8編碼，否則容易出現亂碼。python發送郵件主要使用了email模組。這裡python檔案和php檔案都是gbk編碼，發送的郵件標題內容與本文內容也是gbk編碼。

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding:gbk -*- """   郵件發送類"""# mail.py## Copyright (c) 2014 by http://blog.csdn.net/CleverCode## modification history:# --------------------# 2014/8/15, by CleverCode, Createimport threadingimport timeimport randomfrom email.MIMEText import MIMETextfrom email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.MIMEBase import MIMEBasefrom email import Utils, Encodersimport mimetypesimport sysimport smtplibimport socketimport getoptimport osclass SendMail:    def init(self,smtpServer,username,password):        """        smtpServer:smtp伺服器,                username:登入名稱,        password:登入密碼        """        self.smtpServer = smtpServer                self.username = username        self.password = password        def genMsgInfo(self,fromAddress,toAddress,subject,content,fileList,\            subtype = 'plain',charset = 'gb2312'):        """        組合訊息發送包        fromAddress:寄件者,        toAddress:收件者,        subject:標題,        content:本文,        fileList:附件,        subtype:plain或者html        charset:編碼        """        msg = MIMEMultipart()        msg['From'] = fromAddress        msg['To'] = toAddress          msg['Date'] = Utils.formatdate(localtime=1)        msg['Message-ID'] = Utils.make_msgid()                #標題        if subject:            msg['Subject'] = subject                #內容                if content:            body = MIMEText(content,subtype,charset)            msg.attach(body)                #附件        if fileList:            listArr = fileList.split(',')            for item in listArr:                                #檔案是否存在                if os.path.isfile(item) == False:                    continue                                    att = MIMEText(open(item).read(), 'base64', 'gb2312')                att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'                #這裡的filename郵件中顯示什麼名字                filename = os.path.basename(item)                 att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename=' + filename                msg.attach(att)                return msg.as_string()                                                                      def send(self,fromAddress,toAddress,subject = None,content = None,fileList = None,\            subtype = 'plain',charset = 'gb2312'):        """        郵件發送函數        fromAddress:寄件者,        toAddress:收件者,        subject:標題        content:本文        fileList:附件列表        subtype:plain或者html        charset:編碼        """        try:            server = smtplib.SMTP(self.smtpServer)                        #登入            try:                server.login(self.username,self.password)            except smtplib.SMTPException,e:                return "ERROR:Authentication failed:",e                                        #發送郵件            server.sendmail(fromAddress,toAddress.split(',') \                ,self.genMsgInfo(fromAddress,toAddress,subject,content,fileList,subtype,charset))                        #退出            server.quit()        except (socket.gaierror,socket.error,socket.herror,smtplib.SMTPException),e:            return "ERROR:Your mail send failed!",e                   return 'OK'def usage():    """    使用協助    """    print """Useage:%s [-h] -s <smtpServer> -u <username> -p <password> -f <fromAddress> -t <toAddress>  [-S <subject> -c        <content> -F <fileList>]        Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.            -s, --smtpServer=  smpt.xxx.com.            -u, --username=   Login SMTP server username.            -p, --password=   Login SMTP server password.            -f, --fromAddress=   Sets the name of the "from" person (i.e., the envelope sender of the mail).            -t, --toAddress=   Addressee's address. -t "test@test.com,test1@test.com".                      -S, --subject=  Mail subject.            -c, --content=   Mail message.-c "content, ......."            -F, --fileList=   Attachment file name.                        -h, --help   Help documen.           """ %sys.argv[0]        def start():    """        """    try:        options,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"hs:u:p:f:t:S:c:F:","--help --smtpServer= --username= --password= --fromAddress= --toAddress= --subject= --content= --fileList=",)    except getopt.GetoptError:        usage()        sys.exit(2)        return        smtpServer = None    username = None    password = None                   fromAddress = None        toAddress = None        subject = None    content = None    fileList = None        #擷取參數       for name,value in options:        if name in ("-h","--help"):            usage()            return                if name in ("-s","--smtpServer"):            smtpServer = value                if name in ("-u","--username"):            username = value                if name in ("-p","--password"):            password = value                if name in ("-f","--fromAddress"):            fromAddress = value                if name in ("-t","--toAddress"):            toAddress = value                if name in ("-S","--subject"):            subject = value                if name in ("-c","--content"):            content = value                if name in ("-F","--fileList"):            fileList = value        if smtpServer == None or username == None or password == None:        print 'smtpServer or username or password can not be empty!'        sys.exit(3)               mail = SendMail(smtpServer,username,password)        ret = mail.send(fromAddress,toAddress,subject,content,fileList)    if ret != 'OK':        print ret        sys.exit(4)        print 'OK'        return 'OK'         if name == 'main':        start()

2.2 python程式使用協助

輸入以下命令，可以輸出這個程式的使用協助

# python mail.py --help

2.3 php程式

這個程式主要是php拼接命令字串，調用python程式。注意：用程式發送郵件，需要到郵件服務商，開通stmp服務功能。如qq就需要開通smtp功能後，才能用程式發送郵件。開通如。

php調用程式如下：

<?php/** * SendMail.php *  * 發送郵件類 * * Copyright (c) 2015 by http://blog.csdn.net/CleverCode * * modification history: * -------------------- * 2015/5/18, by CleverCode, Create * */class SendMail{    /**     * 發送郵件方法     *     * @param string $fromAddress 寄件者,'clevercode@qq.com' 或者修改寄件者名 'CleverCode<clevercode@qq.com>'     * @param string $toAddress 收件者,多個收件者逗號分隔,'test1@qq.com,test2@qq.com,test3@qq.com....'， 或者 'test1<test1@qq.com>,test2<test2@qq.com>,....'     * @param string $subject 標題     * @param string $content 本文     * @param string $fileList 附件，附件必須是絕對路徑,多個附件逗號分隔。'/data/test1.txt,/data/test2.tar.gz,...'     * @return string 成功返回'OK'，失敗返回錯誤資訊     */    public static function send($fromAddress, $toAddress, $subject = NULL, $content = NULL, $fileList = NULL){        if (strlen($fromAddress) < 1 || strlen($toAddress) < 1) {            return '$fromAddress or $toAddress can not be empty!';        }        // smtp伺服器        $smtpServer = 'smtp.qq.com';        // 登入使用者        $username = 'clevercode@qq.com';        // 登入密碼        $password = '123456';                // 拼接命令字串，實際是調用了/home/CleverCode/mail.py        $cmd = "LANG=C && /usr/bin/python /home/CleverCode/mail.py";        $cmd .= " -s '$smtpServer'";        $cmd .= " -u '$username'";        $cmd .= " -p '$password'";                $cmd .= " -f '$fromAddress'";        $cmd .= " -t '$toAddress'";                if (isset($subject) && $subject != NULL) {            $cmd .= " -S '$subject'";        }                if (isset($content) && $content != NULL) {            $cmd .= " -c '$content'";        }                if (isset($fileList) && $fileList != NULL) {            $cmd .= " -F '$fileList'";        }                // 執行命令        exec($cmd, $out, $status);        if ($status == 0) {            return 'OK';        } else {            return "Error,Send Mail,$fromAddress,$toAddress,$subject,$content,$fileList ";        }        return 'OK';    }}

2.3 使用範例

壓縮excel成附件，發送郵件。

<?php/** * test.php * * 壓縮excel成附件，發送郵件 * * Copyright (c) 2015 http://blog.csdn.net/CleverCode * * modification history: * -------------------- * 2015/5/14, by CleverCode, Create * */include_once ('SendMail.php');/* * 用戶端類 * 讓用戶端和商務邏輯儘可能的分離，降低頁面邏輯和商務邏輯演算法的耦合， * 使商務邏輯的演算法更具有可移植性 */class Client{    public function main(){                // 寄件者        $fromAddress = 'CleverCode<clevercode@qq.com>';                // 接收者        $toAddress = 'all@qq.com';                // 標題        $subject = '這裡是標題！';                // 本文        $content = "您好：\r\n";        $content .= "   這裡是本文\r\n ";                // excel路徑        $filePath = dirname(FILE) . '/excel';        $sdate = date('Y-m-d');        $PreName = 'CleverCode_' . $sdate;                // 檔案名稱        $fileName = $filePath . '/' . $PreName . '.xls';                // 壓縮excel檔案        $cmd = "cd $filePath && zip $PreName.zip $PreName.xls";        exec($cmd, $out, $status);        $fileList = $filePath . '/' . $PreName . '.zip';                // 發送郵件（附件為壓縮後的檔案）        $ret = SendMail::send($fromAddress, $toAddress, $subject, $content, $fileList);        if ($ret != 'OK') {            return $ret;        }                return 'OK';    }}/** * 程式入口 */function start(){    $client = new Client();    $client->main();}start();?>