Contract and Release Order(合約關係的採購訂單)
為了降低採購成本、維護與供應商的長期合作關係、簡化採購中間環節控制(例如反覆的詢價報價),企業可以與供應商簽訂長期採購合約Contract。在產生了實際的物料需求時,可以根據採購合約issue Release Order(即Create Release Order against Contact)。
1.建立採購合約(Tcode: ME31K)
Path: Logistics->Material Management->Purchasing->Outline Agreement->Contract->Create
前台->後勤->物料管理->採購->架構協議->合約->ME31K-建立
建立Contract有很多的方式:Manual、Copy Document、Reference to PReq、Reference to RFQ。
Agreement Type:
數量合約:目標數量已知,系統強制要求輸入Target Quantity。
價值合約:目標價值已知,系統強制要求輸入Target Value。
· Quantity contracts
Use this type of contract if the total quantity to be ordered during the validity period of the contract is known in advance. The contract is regarded as fulfilled when release orders totaling a given quantity have been issued.
· Value contracts
Use this type of contract if the total value of all release orders issued against the contract is not to exceed a certain predefined value. The contract is regarded as fulfilled when release orders totaling a given value have been issued.
斷行符號:
在這裡主要輸入 “有效期間限末”=2009-12-30, ,和“付款條款”=0001, ,通常採購合約都是一年一簽。Enter,
輸入物料B-16MNR-10 ,目標數量 = 20000KG ,淨價 = 6.6(價格上當然要比前面的6.7RMB/KG優惠一點)。Save,系統提示:數量合約在號4600000000下被建立, 。
執行ME35K來Release Contact,(路徑:後勤->物料管理->採購->架構協議->合約->ME35K-批准)
【註:由於本系統並未設定審批策略,此步省略,如果有讀者知道怎麼設定審批策略,還請周知一下,謝謝。】
2.建立Release Order(Tcode: ME21N)
Path: Logistics->Material Management->Purchasing->Purchase Order->Create->ME21N
前台->後勤->物料管理->採購->採購訂單->建立->ME21N-已知供應商/供應工廠
參照合約建立的採購訂單都叫做Contact Release Order,簡稱Release Order,也可以叫做Call-off Order。
Over the contract validity period, certain quantities of the materials or services covered are released (called off) against the contract as and when required through the issue of purchase orders referencing the latter. Such purchase orders are thus termed "contract release orders" or simply "release orders". (Outside SAP, particularly in the UK; they may also be referred to as "call-off orders".)
在左側查詢出之前建立的採購合約4600000000,拖放到Header上方的小車內,系統將自動建立出一張採購訂單。
輸入本次採購數量120KG,當然價格6.60可以根據需要進行二次調整(預設帶出的是採購合約的Net Price)。從這裡也可以看出對於數量採購合約,目標數量是一定的,但是Value可能會有所變化。
儲存,系統提示:“標準採購訂單在號4500000001下被建立”, 。
後續的操作在之前的例子中已經做過詳細的介紹,這裡就不再重複了。
Over。
SAP秀才-《MM學習指南》操作記錄---- 4.採購合約(完)。
此處,再補做一下:
補1採購收貨(Tcode: MIGO_GR)
Path: Logistics->Material Management->Inventory Management->Goods Movement->Goods Receipt->For Purchase Order->GR for Purchase Order
前台->後勤->物料管理->庫存管理->貨物移動->收貨->對採購訂單->MIGO_GR-採購訂單的GR(MIGO)