簡單貪吃蛇的編程設計

這兩天花了點時間寫了貪吃蛇這個小程式，現在將大體的設計流程說明一下，來源程式請在www.csdn.net下載，我的使用者名稱為andamajing。

簡單的分析一下，貪吃蛇從總體上說顯示和控制兩大部分，第一方面顯示部分包含表單的整體布局，遊戲活動部分的顯示，以及得分的顯示，遊戲協助和關於這個遊戲的說明；第二方面是控制部分，控制部分包含遊戲中蛇和食物的顏色設定，開始，暫停，停止等控制按鍵以及方向鍵的控制。

首先對於蛇，我們需要定義一個類，這個類包含蛇的組成單元及大小，蛇的顏色，蛇的長度和蛇的運動方向等基本欄位，蛇的移動，吃食物等基本方法，以及是否死亡等標識。具體定義如下：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Drawing;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Collections;namespace SnakeGame{    class Snake    {        //蛇身單元        private Label bodyCeil;        //蛇身單元大小        static private Size size=new Size(10,10);        //蛇身顏色        public  Color snakeColor;        //蛇身鏈表        ArrayList snake = new ArrayList();        //蛇身長度        private int snakeLength=5;        public int SnakeLength        {            get            {                return snake.Count;            }        }        //蛇運動方向,初始向右        private Direction snakeDirection=Direction.Right;        public Direction SnakeDirection        {            get            {                return snakeDirection;            }            set            {                snakeDirection=value;            }        }        //食物是否吃完標誌        private bool flag = false;        public bool Flag        {            get            {                return flag;            }            set            {                flag = value;            }        }        //畫初始蛇體        private void DrawBeginSnake()        {            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)            {                bodyCeil = new Label();                bodyCeil.BackColor = snakeColor;                bodyCeil.Size = size;                bodyCeil.Location = new Point(40 - i * 10, 0);                bodyCeil.BorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle.FixedSingle;                snake.Add(bodyCeil);            }        }                //帶參數的建構函式，可設定蛇身顏色        public Snake(Color newcolor)        {            snakeColor = newcolor;            DrawBeginSnake();        }        //返回蛇體        public ArrayList GetSnake()        {            return snake;        }        //是否有食物標誌        private bool hasFood = false;        //定義蛇是否死亡標誌，true為死亡，false為沒死        private bool isDead = false;        public bool IsDead        {            get            {                return isDead;            }        }        //蛇移動        public void Move(System.Windows.Forms.Control control,Label food)        {            if (!hasFood)            {                control.Controls.Remove(control.GetChildAtPoint(((Label)snake[snake.Count-1]).Location));                snake.RemoveAt(snake.Count - 1);            }            Label snakeHead = new Label();            CopySnakeBodyCeil(snakeHead, (Label)snake[0]);            switch (snakeDirection)            {                 case Direction.Up:                    snakeHead.Top -= 10;                    if (snakeHead.Top < 0)                        isDead = true;                    break;                case Direction.Down:                    snakeHead.Top += 10;                    if (snakeHead.Top > 270)                        isDead = true;                    break;                case Direction.Left:                    snakeHead.Left-= 10;                    if (snakeHead.Left < 0)                        isDead = true;                    break;                case Direction.Right:                    snakeHead.Left+= 10;                    if (snakeHead.Left > 340)                        isDead = true;                    break;            }            snake.Insert(0, snakeHead);            if (hasFood)            {                hasFood = false;                control.Controls.Remove(control.GetChildAtPoint(food.Location));                //control.Controls.Clear();                this.flag = true;            }        }        //複製蛇單元        private void CopySnakeBodyCeil(Label to, Label from)        {            to.BackColor = from.BackColor;            to.Size = from.Size;            to.Location = from.Location;            to.BorderStyle = from.BorderStyle;        }        //判斷是否有食物標誌        public void EatFood(Label _food)        {            switch (snakeDirection)            {                 case Direction.Up:                    if (((Label)snake[0]).Left == _food.Left && ((Label)snake[0]).Top == _food.Top + 10)                        hasFood = true;                    else                        hasFood = false;                    break;                case Direction.Down:                    if (((Label)snake[0]).Left == _food.Left && ((Label)snake[0]).Top == _food.Top - 10)                        hasFood = true;                    else                        hasFood = false;                    break;                case Direction.Left:                    if (((Label)snake[0]).Left == _food.Left + 10 && ((Label)snake[0]).Top == _food.Top)                        hasFood = true;                    else                        hasFood = false;                    break;                case Direction.Right:                    if (((Label)snake[0]).Left == _food.Left - 10 && ((Label)snake[0]).Top == _food.Top )                        hasFood = true;                    else                        hasFood = false;                    break;            }        }    }}

接下來就是食物的定義了，具體第一如下：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Drawing;namespace SnakeGame{    class Food    {        //定義一個食物        private Label foodCeil=new Label();        public Label FoodCeil        {            get            {                return foodCeil;            }            set            {                foodCeil = value;            }        }        //定義食物的顏色        private Color foodColor;        public Color FoodColor        {            get            {                return foodColor;            }        }        //定義食物位置        private Point foodLocation;        public Point FoodLocation        {            get            {                return new Point(foodCeil.Top, foodCeil.Left);            }        }        //定義食物的大小        private static Size foodSize = new Size(10, 10);                //建構函式,        public Food(Color color,Point point)        {            foodCeil.Size = foodSize;            foodCeil.BorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle.FixedSingle;            foodCeil.BackColor = color;            foodCeil.Left = point.X;            foodCeil.Top = point.Y;            foodColor = color;        }               //複製食物單元        public void CopyFoodCeil(Label to, Label from)        {            to.BackColor = from.BackColor;            to.Size = from.Size;            to.Location = from.Location;            to.BorderStyle = from.BorderStyle;        }    }}

上面兩個類定義了這個遊戲中的兩個對象，接下來就需要在主題的顯示介面中去控制蛇的運動，主題的介面如下所示：

啟動並執行介面如下所示：

遊戲結束的畫面如下：

設定顏色的表單顯示如下：

接下來說一下主程式中控製程序，在程式中控制功能表項和按鍵如何進行處理。

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using SnakeGame.Properties;namespace SnakeGame{    public partial class FormSnakeGame : Form    {        //定義一個蛇        private Snake mySnake;        //定義一個食物        private Food myFood;        //定義蛇顏色        private Color mySnakeColor;        //定義食物顏色        private Color myFoodColor;        //定義一個顏色設定視窗        顏色設定 gameColorSetting =new 顏色設定();              public FormSnakeGame()        {            InitializeComponent();            this.buttonStop.Enabled = false;            ClearDirection();            this.低水平ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;            this.panelGame.BackgroundImage = Resources.myblog;        }        private void 遊戲說明ToolStripMenuItem1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            遊戲操作 gameOperationInformation = new 遊戲操作();            gameOperationInformation.Show();        }        private void 關於ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            關於 gameAbout = new 關於();            gameAbout.Show();        }        private void 退出ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            this.Close();        }        private void 顏色設定ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            //gameColorSetting = new 顏色設定();            gameColorSetting.Show();        }                //停止或暫停按鍵按下        private static int i = 0;//用於判斷顯示Stop還是顯示Continue        private void buttonStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            if (i++ % 2 == 0)            {                this.buttonStop.Text = "Continue";                this.timerSnakeSpeed.Enabled = false;            }            else            {                this.buttonStop.Text = "Stop";                this.timerSnakeSpeed.Enabled = true;            }        }        //開始按鍵按下        private void buttonStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            this.panelGame.BackgroundImage = null;            this.buttonStart.Enabled = false;            EnableDirection();            mySnakeColor = gameColorSetting.SetSnakeColor;            myFoodColor = gameColorSetting.SetFoodColor;            this.buttonStop.Enabled = true;            mySnake = new Snake(mySnakeColor);            foreach (Label lbl in mySnake.GetSnake())            {                this.panelGame.Controls.Add(lbl);            }            myFood = new Food(myFoodColor,new Point(100,100));            this.panelGame.Controls.Add(myFood.FoodCeil);            this.myFood.CopyFoodCeil(currentfood, this.myFood.FoodCeil);            this.timerSnakeSpeed.Enabled = true;//啟動計時器        }        //畫蛇函數        private void DrawSnake(Snake _newsnake)        {            foreach (Label lbl in _newsnake.GetSnake())            {                this.panelGame.Controls.Add(lbl);            }        }        //定義一個Label存放當前食物        Label currentfood = new Label();        //發放食物        private void PutFood()        {            Random randfood = new Random();            int newfoodx = randfood.Next(35);            int newfoody = randfood.Next(28);            Label newfood = new Label();            this.myFood.CopyFoodCeil(newfood, currentfood);            newfood.Left = newfoodx*10;            newfood.Top = newfoody*10;            this.panelGame.Controls.Remove(this.myFood.FoodCeil);            this.panelGame.Controls.Add(newfood);            this.myFood.CopyFoodCeil(this.myFood.FoodCeil, newfood);            this.myFood.CopyFoodCeil(currentfood, newfood);        }        //畫食物函數        private void DrawFood(Label newfood)        {            this.panelGame.Controls.Add(newfood);        }        //移除食物        private void RemoveFood(Label oldfood)        {            this.panelGame.Controls.Remove(oldfood);        }        //計時器函數        private void timerSnakeSpeed_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            mySnake.EatFood(this.myFood.FoodCeil);            mySnake.Move(this.panelGame,this.myFood.FoodCeil);            DrawSnake(mySnake);            if (this.mySnake.IsDead)            {                this.buttonStart.Enabled = true;                this.buttonStop.Enabled = false;                this.timerSnakeSpeed.Enabled = false;                ClearColor();                ClearDirection();                this.textBoxScore.Text = "";                this.panelGame.Controls.Clear();                this.panelGame.BackgroundImage = Resources.gameover1;            }            if (mySnake.Flag)            {                PutFood();                mySnake.Flag = false;            }            this.textBoxScore.Text = ((mySnake.SnakeLength - 5) * 10).ToString();        }        //清除水平選擇標誌        private void ClearFlag()        {            this.低水平ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;            this.普通水平ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;            this.高水平ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;        }        //選擇普通水平        private void 普通水平ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            ClearFlag();            this.普通水平ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true ;            this.timerSnakeSpeed.Interval = 300;        }        private void 高水平ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            ClearFlag();            this.高水平ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;            this.timerSnakeSpeed.Interval = 200;        }        private void 低水平ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            ClearFlag();            this.低水平ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;            this.timerSnakeSpeed.Interval = 400;        }        //按鍵處理常式        private void FormSnakeGame_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)        {            if (e.KeyChar == 'a' || e.KeyChar == 'A')            {                 this.mySnake.SnakeDirection=(this.mySnake.SnakeDirection==Direction.Right?Direction.Right:Direction.Left);                ClearColor();                this.buttonKeyA.BackColor = Color.Blue;            }            else if (e.KeyChar == 'd' || e.KeyChar == 'D')            {                this.mySnake.SnakeDirection = (this.mySnake.SnakeDirection == Direction.Left ? Direction.Left : Direction.Right);                ClearColor();                this.buttonKeyD.BackColor = Color.Blue;            }            else if (e.KeyChar == 'w' || e.KeyChar == 'W')            {                this.mySnake.SnakeDirection = (this.mySnake.SnakeDirection == Direction.Down ? Direction.Down : Direction.Up);                ClearColor();                this.buttonKeyW.BackColor = Color.Blue;            }            else if (e.KeyChar == 's' || e.KeyChar == 'S')            {                this.mySnake.SnakeDirection = (this.mySnake.SnakeDirection == Direction.Up ? Direction.Up : Direction.Down);                ClearColor();                this.buttonKeyS.BackColor = Color.Blue;            }            else            {                e.Handled = true;            }        }        //W鍵按下        private void buttonKeyW_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            this.mySnake.SnakeDirection = (this.mySnake.SnakeDirection == Direction.Down ? Direction.Down : Direction.Up);            ClearColor();            this.buttonKeyW.BackColor = Color.Blue;        }        //A鍵按下        private void buttonKeyA_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            this.mySnake.SnakeDirection = (this.mySnake.SnakeDirection == Direction.Right ? Direction.Right : Direction.Left);            ClearColor();            this.buttonKeyA.BackColor = Color.Blue;        }        //S鍵按下        private void buttonKeyS_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            this.mySnake.SnakeDirection = (this.mySnake.SnakeDirection == Direction.Up ? Direction.Up : Direction.Down);            ClearColor();            this.buttonKeyS.BackColor = Color.Blue;        }        //D鍵按下        private void buttonKeyD_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            this.mySnake.SnakeDirection = (this.mySnake.SnakeDirection == Direction.Left ? Direction.Left : Direction.Right);            ClearColor();            this.buttonKeyD.BackColor = Color.Blue;        }        //清除方向鍵背景顏色        private void ClearColor()        {            this.buttonKeyW.BackColor = System.Windows.Forms.Button.DefaultBackColor;            this.buttonKeyA.BackColor = System.Windows.Forms.Button.DefaultBackColor;            this.buttonKeyS.BackColor = System.Windows.Forms.Button.DefaultBackColor;            this.buttonKeyD.BackColor = System.Windows.Forms.Button.DefaultBackColor;        }        //方向鍵不可用        private void ClearDirection()        {            this.buttonKeyA.Enabled = false;            this.buttonKeyW.Enabled = false;            this.buttonKeyD.Enabled = false;            this.buttonKeyS.Enabled = false;        }        //方向鍵可用        private void EnableDirection()        {            this.buttonKeyA.Enabled = true;            this.buttonKeyW.Enabled = true;            this.buttonKeyD.Enabled = true;            this.buttonKeyS.Enabled = true;        }    }}

上面簡單的介紹了一下貪吃蛇的編程，大家相互交流，呵呵....