std 學習 std::map用法學習

C++：一種比較流行的強大功能物件導向程式設計語言，應用和前景都很廣闊。

stl：C++標準模板庫，功能極其強大，將其完全掌握後C++編程會相當容易。

map：一種關係式容器，可以根據關鍵字匹配多種資料。

string："~!#$%^&*()_+"，這樣的東東就是。

 

以下程式碼將簡單示範如何通過名稱(string)關鍵字匹配id(int)，由於程式簡單，沒有寫注釋，對於想入門的朋友將代碼看明白可以自己舉一反三就算學會一招了：）高手請跳過。

程式在以下環境順利測試通過：

WIN2K+VC6

RedHat Linux 7.2 + gcc(g++)2.96

--來源程式--

// strmap1.cpp//#pragma warning(disable:4786)//...#include <map> #include <string> //...#include <iostream>using namespace std;class strmap1{    typedef std::map<std::string, int> type_map;    typedef type_map::iterator type_iter;    type_map    mm;    type_iter   it;    int         id;public:    strmap1() : it(NULL), id(0)    {        //init        id = 0;        mm["i"] = ++id;        mm["you"] = ++id;        mm["he"] = ++id;    }    int find(const char* s)    {        cout << "find " << s << endl;        int ret = 0;        it = mm.find(s);        if (mm.end() != it) {            ret = it->second;            cout << s << "'s id is " << ret << endl;        } else {            cout << "can't find " << s << "'s id" << endl;        }        return ret;    }    int insert(const char* s)    {        cout << "insert " << s << endl;        int ret = ++id;        mm.insert(type_map::value_type(s, ret));        //mm[s] = ret;//ok        return ret;    }    void remove(const char* s)    {        cout << "remove " << s << endl;        mm.erase(s);    }};int main(int argc, char* argv[]){    cout << "(strmap1)string map 1(simple use std::map<string, int>)" << endl;    strmap1 o;    cout << endl;    o.find("i");        cout << endl;    o.find("she");        cout << endl;    o.find("you");    o.find("he");    cout << endl;    o.insert("she");    o.remove("you");    o.remove("he");        cout << endl;    o.find("you");    o.find("he");    o.find("she");        cout << endl;    cout << "haha~~~now only i and she" << endl;    return 0;} --輸出結果--

(strmap1)string map 1(simple use std::map<string, int>)

find i
i's id is 1

find she
can't find she's id

find you
you's id is 2
find he
he's id is 3

insert she
remove you
remove he

find you
can't find you's id
find he
can't find he's id
find she
she's id is 4

haha~~~now only i and she