MySQL提供標準的SQL模式比對,以及一種基於象Unix公用程式如vi、grep和sed的擴充Regex模式比對的格式。
標準的SQL模式比對
SQL的模式比對允許你使用“_”匹配任何單個字元,而“%”匹配任意數目字元(包括零個字元)。在 MySQL中,SQL的模式預設是忽略大小寫。下面顯示一些例子。注意在你使用SQL模式時,你不能使用=或!=;而使用LIKE或NOT LIKE比較操作符。
例如,在表pet中,為了找出以“b”開頭的名字:
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "b%"; |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1989-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
為了找出以“fy”結尾的名字:
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "%fy"; |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Fluffy | Harold | cat | f | 1993-02-04 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
為了找出包含一個“w”的名字:
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "%w%"; |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1989-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
| Whistler | Gwen | bird | NULL | 1997-12-09 | NULL |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
為了找出包含正好5個字元的名字,使用“_”模式字元:
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "_____"; |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+