Oracle 11g資料庫啟動錯誤總結

1.啟動資料庫時提示ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
  (在Oracle 11g中新增的記憶體自動管理的參數MEMORY_TARGET,它能自動調整SGA和PGA，這個特性需要用到/dev/shm共用檔案系統，而且要求/dev/shm必須大於MEMORY_TARGET，如果/dev/shm比MEMORY_TARGET小就會報錯)
圖:

解決方案:
[root@CentOS ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root      25G  11G  14G  45% /
tmpfs                1.0G  751M  274M  74% /dev/shm    --是因為個值小了
/dev/sda1            485M  30M  430M  7% /boot
/dev/sr0              3.6G  3.6G    0 100% /media/CentOS_6.4_Final
[root@centos ~]# mount -o remount,size=2G /dev/shm    --修改大小,就不會報錯了
[root@centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
25G  11G  14G  45% /
tmpfs                2.0G  751M  1.3G  37% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1            485M  30M  430M  7% /boot
/dev/sr0              3.6G  3.6G    0 100% /media/CentOS_6.4_Final
[root@centos ~]#

測試:

2.啟動oem控制介面出錯
[oracle@centos ~]$ emctl stop dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
https://centos:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control ...
...  Stopped.
[oracle@centos ~]$ emctl start dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
https://centos:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control
....................................................................................
......... failed.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/centos_orcl/sysman/log
[oracle@centos ~]$ tailf  -n 3  /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/centos_orcl/sysman/log/emdctl.trc    --查看最後3行日誌,提示路由和主機錯誤
2014-01-23 14:54:47,568 Thread-3032057536 WARN  http: nmehl_connect_internal: connect failed to (centos:1158): No route to host (error = 113)
2014-01-23 15:02:50,071 Thread-3032803008 WARN  http: nmehl_connect_internal: connect failed to (centos:3938): No route to host (error = 113)
2014-01-23 15:02:50,073 Thread-3032803008 ERROR main: nmectla_agentctl: Error connecting to https://centos:3938/emd/main. Returning status code 1

 解決方案:
[root@centos ~]# ifconfig eth1    --檢查伺服器的路由和主機IP地址,最好設定為靜態
eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:5C:4A:F6
inet addr:2.2.2.114  Bcast:2.2.2.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe5c:4af6/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:88220 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:43011 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:6611001 (6.3 MiB)  TX bytes:29439365 (28.0 MiB)
[root@centos ~]# route  -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination    Gateway        Genmask        Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
2.2.2.0        0.0.0.0        255.255.255.0  U    1      0        0 eth1
0.0.0.0        2.2.2.1        0.0.0.0        UG    0      0        0 eth1
[root@centos ~]#

測試：
[oracle@centos ~]$ emctl start dbconsole    --啟動成功了
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
https://centos:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control ........ started.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/centos_orcl/sysman/log
[oracle@centos ~]$

3.控制檔案丟失(由於控制檔案丟失,資料庫無法啟動)
1234567891011121314 [oracle@centos ~]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jan 25 09:31:04 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  661209088 bytes
Fixed Size          1338560 bytes
Variable Size        494928704 bytes
Database Buffers      159383552 bytes
Redo Buffers            5558272 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
SQL>

解決方案:
[oracle@centos ~]$ ll app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control011.ctl  --查看兩個控制檔案名稱
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jan 25 09:30 app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control011.ctl
[oracle@centos ~]$
[oracle@centos ~]$ ll app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 Jan 25 09:30 app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
[oracle@centos ~]$ vim app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora  --開啟設定檔看是否控制檔案名稱寫對了沒有
*.control_files='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'    --第一個控制檔案名稱錯了，改對就可以了

測試:
[oracle@centos ~]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jan 25 09:42:31 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: / as sysdba
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>