標籤:硬體
第一階段硬體引導啟動:
POWER---->BIOS---->MBR [Bootloader(GRUB程式):446bytes、partition table分區表;64bytes、MagicNumber:標驗碼
GRUB檔案: cat /boot/grub/grub.conf
# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that
# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.
# root (hd0,0)
# kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/sda2
# initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img
#boot=/dev/sda
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64)
root (hd0,0) <--grub所在的磁碟分割
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 <--系統核心 ro root=UUID=65af82a4-cc0e-4361-85c0- 3bec9269079a rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64.img <--核心鏡像檔案,解壓載入驅動
第二階段GRUB引導啟動:
stage1(MBR)--->stage1.5(中介軟體調動stage2,起橋樑作用)--->stage2(磁碟、核心映像)
第三階段核心引導啟動:
調用/sbin/init主進程--->啟動層級設定檔/etc/inittab-->載入啟動指令碼設定檔/etc/init/rc.conf---->執行服務etc/init/rc/與初始化/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit--->./etc/fstab->其中一個運行層級指令碼/etc/rc3.d--->/etc/rc.d/rc.local 執行設定檔
第四階段Sys V init初始化階段
/sbin/mingetty終端--->/etc/X11/prefdm圖形終端---->/etc/login登入
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系統啟動流程