phpunit安裝出錯的原因及解決方案

phpunit安裝出錯的原因及解決辦法

官方指引

很遺憾， phpunit還沒有在ArchLinux的倉庫裡。

所以使用下載安裝的方式。按照官方的指引：

wget https://phar.phpunit.de/phpunit.pharchmod +x phpunit.pharsudo mv phpunit.phar /usr/local/bin/phpunitphpunit --version

結果得到下面的錯誤：

PHP Warning:  realpath(): open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/usr/local/bin/phpunit) is not within the allowed path(s): (/srv/http/:/home/:/tmp/:/usr/share/pear/) in /usr/local/bin/phpunit on line 3PHP Fatal error:  Class 'Phar' not found in /usr/local/bin/phpunit on line 714

啟用phar擴充

先解決Fatal error: Class 'Phar' not found。

ls /usr/lib/php/modules

發現有 phar.so，說明Phar的擴充已經安裝，那麼是不是該擴充沒有Enable呢？
開啟 /etc/php/php.ini搜尋 phar，果然發現 extension=phar.so被注釋掉了。去掉該行前面的 ;，儲存php.ini，再次運行 phpunit --version。

PHP Warning:  realpath(): open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/usr/local/bin/phpunit) is not within the allowed path(s): (/srv/http/:/home/:/tmp/:/usr/share/pear/) in /usr/local/bin/phpunit on line 3PHP Warning:  Phar::mapPhar(): open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/usr/local/bin/phpunit) is not within the allowed path(s): (/srv/http/:/home/:/tmp/:/usr/share/pear/) in /usr/local/bin/phpunit on line 714

Fatal error解決了，但警告還在，而且phpunit沒有正常運行。

php對檔案訪問的保護機制

google之，發現這裡有解釋: http://www.templatemonster.com/help/open_basedir-restriction-in-effect-filex-is-not-within-the-allowed-paths-y.html

PHP open_basedir protection tweak is a Safe Mode security measure that prevents users from opening files or scripts located outside of their home directory with PHP, unless the folder has specifically excluded. PHP open_basedir setting if enabled, will ensure that all file operations to be limited to files under certain directory, and thus prevent php scripts for a particular user from accessing files in unauthorized user’s account. When a script tries to open a file with, for example, fopen() or gzopen(), the location of the file is checked. When the file is outside the specified or permissible directory-tree, PHP will refuse to open it and the following errors may occur: ...

意思是說：php.ini中的open_basedir是php為保證安全進行檔案訪問的設定。如果該選項被賦值，所有的檔案操作將限定在特定的目錄裡，這樣可以防止某個使用者使用php指令碼讀取未授權的內容。當你想通過fopen或gzopen開啟一個檔案時，如果該檔案的位置不再被允許的目錄下面，就會出現上述的警告資訊。

從警告資訊發現可以訪問的目錄包括 /srv/http/:/home/:/tmp/:/usr/share/pear/，剛好 ~/bin即在PATH變數中，也屬於可以被php指令碼讀取的目錄，於是

mv /usr/local/bin/phpunit ~/bin

再運行phpunit --version，得到正確結果：

PHPUnit 4.5.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

phpunit安裝成功!

