Tomcat啟動指令碼catalina.sh

轉自：http://www.huihoo.org/apache/tomcat/heavyz/02-catalina.sh.html

 

1 - 概述

指令碼catalina.sh用於啟動和關閉tomcat伺服器，是最關鍵的指令碼
另外的指令碼startup.sh和shutdown.sh都是使用不同的參數調用了該指令碼
該指令碼的使用方法如下（引自該指令碼本身）：

 

2 - 指令碼分析

#!/bin/sh# =============================================================# 該指令碼設定正確的環境變數和系統資訊，然後啟動或者停止tomcat server# 具體的操作是：# 使用命令列參數作為args的實參，調用org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(String[])# ==============================================================# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Start/Stop Script for the CATALINA Server## Environment Variable Prequisites##   CATALINA_HOME   May point at your Catalina "build" directory.##   CATALINA_BASE   (Optional) Base directory for resolving dynamic portions#                   of a Catalina installation.  If not present, resolves to#                   the same directory that CATALINA_HOME points to.##   CATALINA_OPTS   (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "start",#                   "stop", or "run" command is executed.##   CATALINA_TMPDIR (Optional) Directory path location of temporary directory#                   the JVM should use (java.io.tmpdir).  Defaults to#                   $CATALINA_BASE/temp.##   JAVA_HOME       Must point at your Java Development Kit installation.##   JAVA_OPTS       (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "start",#                   "stop", or "run" command is executed.##   JPDA_TRANSPORT  (Optional) JPDA transport used when the "jpda start"#                   command is executed. The default is "dt_socket".##   JPDA_ADDRESS    (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "jpda start"#                   command is executed. The default is 8000.##   JSSE_HOME       (Optional) May point at your Java Secure Sockets Extension#                   (JSSE) installation, whose JAR files will be added to the#                   system class path used to start Tomcat.##   CATALINA_PID    (Optional) Path of the file which should contains the pid#                   of catalina startup java process, when start (fork) is used# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# OS specific support.  $var _must_ be set to either true or false.cygwin=falsecase "`uname`" inCYGWIN*) cygwin=true;;esac# PRG是被執行的指令碼的名稱，可以認為PRG=="catalina.sh"，也可能是某個符號鏈，指向該指令碼。PRG="$0"# 處理了一下PRG，等迴圈跳出之後PRG成為 ????while [ -h "$PRG" ]; do  ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"`  link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> /(.*/)$'`  if expr "$link" : '.*/.*' > /dev/null; then    PRG="$link"  else    PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`/"$link"  fidone# PRGDIR是PRG的目錄路徑名稱PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"`# 執行$CATALINA_HOME/BIN/setenv.sh來設定環境變數# [ -r filename ] 是判斷是否檔案存在且可讀CATALINA_HOME=`cd "$PRGDIR/.." ; pwd`if [ -r "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setenv.sh ]; then  . "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setenv.shfi# For Cygwin, 確保所有的路徑名都符合UNIX格式if $cygwin; then  [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] && JAVA_HOME=`cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME"`  [ -n "$CATALINA_HOME" ] && CATALINA_HOME=`cygpath --unix "$CATALINA_HOME"`  [ -n "$CATALINA_BASE" ] && CATALINA_BASE=`cygpath --unix "$CATALINA_BASE"`  [ -n "$CLASSPATH" ] && CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --unix "$CLASSPATH"`  [ -n "$JSSE_HOME" ] && JSSE_HOME=`cygpath --path --unix "$JSSE_HOME"`fi# 設定用來初始化SystemClassLoader的CLASSPATH變數：通過執行指令碼setclasspath.sh完成# 注意：指令碼setclasspath.sh改變了原來的$CLASSPATH變數，而把它設為：# CLASSPATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin/bootstrap.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar# 其中bootstrap.jar是package org.apache.catalina.startup的打包檔案，# 含有啟動方法org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(String[] args)# tools.jar含有javac編譯器，用來把jsp檔案編譯成為servlet classif [ -r "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setclasspath.sh ]; then  BASEDIR="$CATALINA_HOME"  . "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setclasspath.shelse  echo "Cannot find $CATALINA_HOME/bin/setclasspath.sh"  echo "This file is needed to run this program"  exit 1fi# 在CLASSPATH環境變數後面補上一些JAR檔案# [ -n string ] 判斷字串是否長度非0；[ -z string ] 判斷字串是否長度為0# 它們可以用來判斷是否某個環境變數已經被設定if [ -n "$JSSE_HOME" ]; then  CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH":"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jcert.jar:"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jnet.jar:"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jsse.jarfiCLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH":"$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/bootstrap.jar# 指定CATALINA_BASE變數# 如果CATALINA_BASE沒有值，就讓CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_HOMEif [ -z "$CATALINA_BASE" ] ; then  CATALINA_BASE="$CATALINA_HOME"fi# 指定CATALINA_TMPDIR變數# 如果CATALINA_TMPDIR沒有值，就讓CATALINA_TMPDIR=$CATALINA_BASE/tempif [ -z "$CATALINA_TMPDIR" ] ; then  # Define the java.io.tmpdir to use for Catalina  CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE"/tempfi# For Cygwin, 在執行java程式前把路徑名轉換成WINDOWS格式if $cygwin; then  JAVA_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$JAVA_HOME"`  CATALINA_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_HOME"`  CATALINA_BASE=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_BASE"`  CATALINA_TMPDIR=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_TMPDIR"`  CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --windows "$CLASSPATH"`  JSSE_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$JSSE_HOME"`fi# 顯示資訊，然後執行命令echo "Using CATALINA_BASE:   $CATALINA_BASE"echo "Using CATALINA_HOME:   $CATALINA_HOME"echo "Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: $CATALINA_TMPDIR"echo "Using JAVA_HOME:       $JAVA_HOME"# ......當執行catalina.sh的參數是jpda的時候......if [ "$1" = "jpda" ] ; then  if [ -z "$JPDA_TRANSPORT" ]; then    JPDA_TRANSPORT="dt_socket"  fi  if [ -z "$JPDA_ADDRESS" ]; then    JPDA_ADDRESS="8000"  fi  if [ -z "$JPDA_OPTS" ]; then    JPDA_OPTS="-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=$JPDA_TRANSPORT,address=$JPDA_ADDRESS,server=y,suspend=n"  fi  CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS $JPDA_OPTS"  shiftfi# ......當執行catalina.sh的參數是debug的時候......if [ "$1" = "debug" ] ; then  shift  if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then    echo "Using Security Manager"    shift    exec "$_RUNJDB" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /      -sourcepath "$CATALINA_HOME"/../../jakarta-tomcat-4.0/catalina/src/share /      -Djava.security.manager /      -Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy /      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /      org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start  else    exec "$_RUNJDB" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /      -sourcepath "$CATALINA_HOME"/../../jakarta-tomcat-4.0/catalina/src/share /      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /      org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start  fi# ......當執行catalina.sh的參數是embedded的時候......elif [ "$1" = "embedded" ] ; then  shift  echo "Embedded Classpath: $CLASSPATH"  exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /    -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /    -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /    -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /    -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /    org.apache.catalina.startup.Embedded "$@"# +----------------------------------------------------+# |  ......當執行catalina.sh的參數是run的時候......    |# |  在當前視窗中啟動tomcat伺服器！！！                |# +----------------------------------------------------+elif [ "$1" = "run" ]; then  # 把參數run去掉  shift    # 如果參數是run -security，則啟動Security Manager  if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then    echo "Using Security Manager"    shift    exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /      -Djava.security.manager /      -Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy /      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /      org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start        # 如果參數是孤單的run，則在本視窗中啟動tomcat伺服器  # 在本視窗中啟動的方法是使用exec，讓當前進程fork一個新進程來啟動tomcat，當前進程是tomcat的父進程  # 啟動tomcat的類是org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main("start");  else    exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /      org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start  fi# +----------------------------------------------------+# |  ......當執行catalina.sh的參數是start的時候......  |# |  在新視窗中啟動tomcat伺服器！！！                  |# +----------------------------------------------------+elif [ "$1" = "start" ] ; then  # 把參數start去掉  shift    # 建立一個檔案（如果檔案不存在的話）$CATALINA_BASE/logs/catalina.out    touch "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out  # 如果參數是start -security，則啟動Security Manager  if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then    echo "Using Security Manager"    shift    "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /      -Djava.security.manager /      -Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy /      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /      org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start /      >> "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out 2>&1 &      if [ ! -z "$CATALINA_PID" ]; then        echo $! > $CATALINA_PID      fi        # 如果參數是孤單的start，那麼在新視窗中啟動tomcat  else    "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /      -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /      -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /      -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /      -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /      org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start /      >> "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out 2>&1 &      if [ ! -z "$CATALINA_PID" ]; then        echo $! > $CATALINA_PID      fi        fi# +----------------------------------------------------+# |  ......當執行catalina.sh的參數是stop的時候......   |# |  關閉tomcat伺服器！！！                            |# +----------------------------------------------------+elif [ "$1" = "stop" ] ; then  # 把參數stop去掉  shift    # 關閉tomcat伺服器的類是org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap->main("stop");  # 注意：java -D 是設定系統屬性    exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS /    -Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" /    -Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" /    -Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" /    -Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" /    org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" stop# +----------------------------------------------------+# |  ......當執行catalina.sh的參數不可辨認的時候...... |# |  列印協助資訊，由此查看各種參數代表的意義！！！    |# +----------------------------------------------------+else  echo "Usage: catalina.sh ( commands ... )"  echo "commands:"  echo "  debug             Start Catalina in a debugger"  echo "  debug -security   Debug Catalina with a security manager"  echo "  embedded          Start Catalina in embedded mode"  echo "  jpda start        Start Catalina under JPDA debugger"  echo "  run               Start Catalina in the current window"  echo "  run -security     Start in the current window with security manager"  echo "  start             Start Catalina in a separate window"  echo "  start -security   Start in a separate window with security manager"  echo "  stop              Stop Catalina"  exit 1fi

  echo "Usage: catalina.sh ( commands ... )"  echo "commands:"  echo "  debug             Start Catalina in a debugger"  echo "  debug -security   Debug Catalina with a security manager"  echo "  embedded          Start Catalina in embedded mode"  echo "  jpda start        Start Catalina under JPDA debugger"  echo "  run               Start Catalina in the current window"  echo "  run -security     Start in the current window with security manager"  echo "  start             Start Catalina in a separate window"  echo "  start -security   Start in a separate window with security manager"  echo "  stop              Stop Catalina"