ubuntu-go語言環境變數

這是一個建立於 的文章，其中的資訊可能已經有所發展或是發生改變。

1、環境變數GOLANG官網介紹

 

$GOROOT

The root of the Go tree, often  $HOME/go. This defaults to the parent of the directory where  all.bash is run. If you choose not to set $GOROOT, you must run  gomake instead of  make or  gmake when developing Go programs using the conventional makefiles.

$GOROOT_FINAL

The value assumed by installed binaries and scripts when  $GOROOT is not set. It defaults to the value used for  $GOROOT. If you want to build the Go tree in one location but move it elsewhere after the build, set  $GOROOT_FINAL to the eventual location.

$GOOS and  $GOARCH

The name of the target operating system and compilation architecture. These default to the values of  $GOHOSTOS and  $GOHOSTARCHrespectively (described below).

Choices for $GOOS are linux, freebsd, darwin (Mac OS X 10.5 or 10.6), and windows (Windows, an incomplete port). Choices for $GOARCHare amd64 (64-bit x86, the most mature port), 386 (32-bit x86), and arm (32-bit ARM, an incomplete port). The valid combinations of$GOOS and $GOARCH are:

$GOOS $GOARCH

	darwin	386
	darwin	amd64
	freebsd	386
	freebsd	amd64
	linux	386
	linux	amd64
	linux	arm	incomplete
	windows	386	incomplete

$GOHOSTOS and  $GOHOSTARCH

The name of the host operating system and compilation architecture. These default to the local system's operating system and architecture.

Valid choices are the same as for $GOOS and $GOARCH, listed above. The specified values must be compatible with the local system. For example, you should not set $GOHOSTARCH to arm on an x86 system.

$GOBIN

The location where binaries will be installed. The default is  $GOROOT/bin. After installing, you will want to arrange to add this directory to your  $PATH, so you can use the tools.

$GOARM (arm, default=6)

The ARM architecture version the run-time libraries should target. ARMv6 cores have more efficient synchronization primitives. Setting $GOARM to 5 will compile the run-time libraries using just SWP instructions that work on older architectures as well. Running v6 code on an older core will cause an illegal instruction trap.

Note that $GOARCH and $GOOS identify the target environment, not the environment you are running on. In effect, you are always cross-compiling. By architecture, we mean the kind of binaries that the target environment can run: an x86-64 system running a 32-bit-only operating system must set GOARCH to 386, not amd64.

If you choose to override the defaults, set these variables in your shell profile ($HOME/.bashrc, $HOME/.profile, or equivalent). The settings might look something like this

 

export GOROOT=$HOME/goexport GOARCH=386export GOOS=linux

 

 

2、在ubuntu中配置

 

1)環境變數設定檔

在Ubuntu中有如下幾個檔案可以設定環境變數
1、/etc/profile:在登入時,作業系統定製使用者環境時使用的第一個檔案,此檔案為系統的每個使用者佈建環境資訊,當使用者第一次登入時,該檔案被執行。
2、/etc/environment:在登入時作業系統使用的第二個檔案,系統在讀取你自己的profile前,設定環境檔案的環境變數。
3、~/.bash_profile:在登入時用到的第三個檔案是.profile檔案,每個使用者都可使用該檔案輸入專用於自己使用的shell資訊,當使用者登入時,該 檔案僅僅執行一次!預設情況下,他設定一些環境變遊戲量,執行使用者的.bashrc檔案。/etc/bashrc:為每一個運行bash shell的使用者執行此檔案.當bash shell被開啟時,該檔案被讀取.
4、~/.bashrc:該檔案包含專用於你的bash shell的bash資訊,當登入時以及每次開啟新的shell時,該該檔案被讀取。

幾個環境變數的優先順序

1>2>3

2)開始配置，這裡配置為僅本使用者使用

 

liuxing@liuxing-O-E-M:~$ gedit ~/.bashrc

在後面加上

 

export GOROOT=$HOME/go

export GOBIN=$GOROOT/bin

export GOARCH=386

export GOOS=linux

export PATH=.:$PATH:$GOBIN

3）

liuxing@liuxing-O-E-M:~$ source ~/.bashrc

liuxing@liuxing-O-E-M:~$ 8g

gc: usage: 8g [flags] file.go...

flags:

  -I DIR search for packages in DIR

  -d print declarations

  -e no limit on number of errors printed

  -f print stack frame structure

  -h panic on an error

  -o file specify output file

  -S print the assembly language

  -V print the compiler version

  -u disable package unsafe

  -w print the parse tree after typing

  -x print lex tokens