下載原始碼
一、緒言
udp是一種面向非串連,不可靠的通訊協議,相對於tcp來說,雖然可靠性不及,但傳輸效率較高。所以在網路上仍有很大的用途。這幾日需要瞭解下udp通訊的過程,上網發現這方面的資料還挺少。於是仔細的翻找了下msdn,基本上搞清楚了udp通訊的過程。做了一個測試的例子。希望對大家有協助。
二、udp的通訊過程
server端: open a socket(socket)--->name the socket(bind)--->send and receive data(sendto recvfrom)--->close socket(closesocket)
client端: open a socket(socket)---------------------------->send and receive data(sendto recvfrom)--->close socket(closesocket)
server端無需listen,client端無需connect,因此udp中server和client的區別相對較模糊。只要調用sendto和recvfrom就可以給指定的地址收發資料,但並不保證收發的資料的完整性和可靠性。
三、樣本
udpserver主要代碼:
void main(){SOCKET socket1;InitWinsock();struct sockaddr_in local;struct sockaddr_in from;int fromlen =sizeof(from);local.sin_family=AF_INET;local.sin_port=htons(1000); ///監聽連接埠local.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY; ///本機socket1=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);bind(socket1,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof local);while (1){char buffer[1024]="/0";printf("waiting for message from others-------------/n");if (recvfrom(socket1,buffer,sizeof buffer,0,(struct sockaddr*)&from,&fromlen)!=SOCKET_ERROR){printf("Received datagram from %s--%s/n",inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr),buffer);////給cilent發資訊sendto(socket1,buffer,sizeof buffer,0,(struct sockaddr*)&from,fromlen);}Sleep(500);}closesocket(socket1);}
udpcilent主要代碼:
void main(){SOCKET socket1;InitWinsock();struct sockaddr_in server;int len =sizeof(server);server.sin_family=AF_INET;server.sin_port=htons(1000); ///server的監聽連接埠server.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("168.168.0.10"); ///server的地址 socket1=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);while (1){char buffer[1024]="/0";printf("input message/n");scanf("%s",buffer);if (strcmp(buffer,"bye")==0)break;if (sendto(socket1,buffer,sizeof buffer,0,(struct sockaddr*)&server,len)!=SOCKET_ERROR){if (recvfrom(socket1, buffer, sizeof buffer, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&server,&len) != SOCKET_ERROR)printf("rece from server:%s/n",buffer);}}closesocket(socket1);}
四、結束語
udp通訊比tcp簡單了很多,在資料可靠性不是很高的情況下,有使用的價值。