43.apache虛擬機器主機的使用

標籤：linux

apache虛擬機器主機的使用

虛擬機器主機技術是使用一台伺服器實現發行數個網站的技術。

實現一台伺服器多個網站的方法有：基於網卡，基於連接埠，基於網域名稱。

基於網卡：一台主機添加多塊網卡，就相當於有多個IP

基於連接埠：一台主機通過同一個IP不同的連接埠

基於網域名稱：一台主機通過同一個IP同一個連接埠不通的網域名稱

Rpm版apache檔案路徑：

設定檔路徑：/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

網站根檔案路徑：/var/www/html/index.html

執行命令檔案路徑：/usr/sbin

記錄檔路徑：/var/log/httpd

源碼版apache檔案路徑：

設定檔路徑：/usr/local/apache/conf

網站根檔案路徑：/usr/local/apache/htdocs

執行命令檔案路徑：/usr/local/apache/bin

記錄檔路徑：/usr/local/apache/logs

Linux基於網域名稱搭建虛擬機器主機實現不同網站發布步驟：

v 配置靜態IP，關閉防火牆，注意apache的安裝方式。

[[email protected] Desktop]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1

[[email protected] Desktop]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

[[email protected] Desktop]# iptables -F

[[email protected] Desktop]# service iptables save

[[email protected] Desktop]# setenforce 0

[[email protected] Desktop]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

[[email protected] Desktop]# service httpd status

v 配置DNS，使用linux搭建bind伺服器。

[[email protected] /]# rpm -ivh /media/RHEL_6.4\ x86_64\ Disc\ 1/Packages/bind-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[[email protected] etc]# vim /etc/named.conf

修改參數：

options {

        listen-on port 53 { any; };

        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };

        directory       "/var/named";

        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

        allow-query     { any; };

zone "." IN {

        type hint;

        file "named.ca";

};

zone "a.com" IN {

        type master;

        file "a.zone";

};

zone "b.com" IN {

        type master;

        file "b.zone";

};

[[email protected] named]# cp /var/named/named.empty  a.zone

[[email protected] named]# vim a.zone

添加參數：www     A       192.168.1.1

[[email protected] named]# chown named.named a.zone

[[email protected] named]# cp a.zone b.zone

[[email protected] named]# service named restart

v 配置apache設定檔，開啟vhost開關。

源碼版：

[[email protected] conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

注釋內容:

# Virtual hosts

Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

[[email protected] conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

修改參數：

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [email protected]

    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/a"

    ServerName www.a.com

    ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/error.log"

    CustomLog "/usr/local/apache/accesslog/access.log" common

</VirtualHost>

 

 

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [email protected]

    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/b"

    ServerName www.b.com

    ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/error.log"

    CustomLog "/usr/local/apache/accesslog/access.log" common

</VirtualHost>

v 建立相關檔案夾和檔案

[[email protected] apache]# mkdir accesslog

[[email protected] apache]# mkdir accesslog

[[email protected] apache]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/a

[[email protected] apache]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/b

[[email protected] a]# echo jintiantianqibucuo > index.html

[[email protected] b]# echo mingtianhuigenghao >index.html

 

使用使用者密碼安全性登陸訪問網頁：

v 建立使用者認證資料檔案並建立一個使用者：

[[email protected] Desktop]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/apache/conf/.passwd ren

注釋：-c：表示建立一個資料檔案，沒有改選項則是添加一個使用者

v 添加使用者授權配置：

[[email protected] Desktop]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

添加參數：

<directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/a">

 authname "ren"

 authtype basic

 authuserfile /usr/local/apache/conf/.passwd

 require valid-user

</directory>

 

 

43.apache虛擬機器主機的使用