(003) Linux FHS

Fundamentals of the ten-year OPS series-Linux

Zeng Lin

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First, Introduction

In Linux systems, file system layouts are similar to other Unix-like systems. In fact, an already published standard called the Linux filesystem hierarchy (Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard) has been described in this design. Not all Linux distributions are strictly compliant with this standard, but most of them are close.

When we browse the file system, don't worry about confusing the layout of the file system. Ordinary users do not have the right to manage the file system, that is the work of the system administrator!

Second, FHS layout

The following table shows the directories found on the Linux system.

Directory	Content
/	Root directory, everything starts here
/bin	A binary file (program) that contains the necessary system startup and operation
/boot	Contains the Linux kernel, the initial RAM disk image (used by the driver at system startup), and the boot loader Interesting files: /boot/grub/grub.conf or MENU.LST, used to configure the boot loader /boot/vmlinuz,linux kernel
/dev	This is a special directory that contains the device nodes. "Treat everything as a document" also applies to devices. The kernel stores all the devices it can identify in this directory.
/etc	System device configuration file directory. There are several key points: /etc/crontab, which defines when an automated task runs List of/etc/fstab, storage devices, and associated mount points /etc/passwd, user account List
/home	In a typical device, each user will have a directory of their own under the/home directory. Ordinary users can only create files in their own home directory. This limitation protects the system from the failure of the wrong user behavior

(003) Linux FHS