20170627Selenium Automation---Webdriverapi

Selenium Automation's Webdriver API

See the Worm Division of "Automated Testing Practice" a book, learned a lot, thank you very much. Take note of the study notes for later study and use.

I. Element positioning

1.FIND_ELEMENT_BY_ID (); ID Locator

2.find_element_by_name (); Name Locator

3.find_element_by_class_name (); Class attribute positioning

4.find_element_by_tag_name (); Tag Property Positioning

5.find_element_by_link_text (); Text information before the element tag to locate

6.find_element_by_partial_link_text (); Take part of the text link to locate

7.find_element_by_xpath ();

Where XPath has multiple targeting strategies:

① Absolute path: Find_element_by_xpath ("html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div[3]/div[2]/form/input[1]");

② element properties: Find_element_by_xpath ("//input[@id = ' qwe ']");

Find_element_by_xpath ("//input[@name = ' qwe ']");

Find_element_by_xpath ("//input[@class = ' qwe ']");

Find_element_by_xpath ("//*[@id = ' qwe ']");

③ level attribute: Find_element_by_xpath ("//span[@class = ' qwe ']/input");

Find_element_by_xpath ("//form[@id = ' qwe ']/span[2]/input");

④ arithmetic logic: Find_element_by_xpath ("//input[@id = ' qwe ' and @class = ' qwer ']/span/input");

8.find_element_by_css_selector (); CSS selector positioning

CSS also has a variety of strategies:

①class Properties: Find_element_by_css_selector (". Qwe");

②id Properties: Find_element_by_css_selector ("#qwe");

③ tag Name: Find_element_by_css_selector ("input");

A. Parent-Child Relationship: Find_element_by_css_selector ("Span>input");

B. Attribute positioning: Find_element_by_css_selector (' [type= ' submit '] ');

C. Combination positioning: Find_element_by_css_selector ("form.fm>span>input>input.qwe");

9.BY element Positioning

The above mentioned 8 positioning methods, Webdriver also provides another set of wording, that is, the unified call Find_element () method, through by to declare the method of positioning, and the corresponding positioning method of the positioning parameters.

You need to insert the by class before using by:

From selenium.webdriver.common.by Import by

Find_element (by.id, "qwe");

Find_element (By.name, "qwe");

Find_element (by. Class_name, "qwe");

Find_element (by. Tag_name, "qwe");

Find_element (by. Link_text, "XXX Test Department");

Find_element (by. Partial_link_text, "Test Department");

Find_element (by. XPATH, "//* [@id = ' qwe ']");

Find_element (by. Css_celector, "Span>input");

Two. Controlling the browser

1. Control browser window Size

①set_window_size ();

such as Set_window_size (640,480); Width 640, Height 480

②maximize_window (); Window maximization, no parameters required, direct use

2. Control browser Advance and retreat

Back (); Return

Forwar (); Forward

such as Driver.back (); Which Driver=webdriver. Chrome ()

3. Simulate browser refresh

Refresh (); such as Driver.refresh () similar to F5

4. Simple element operation

①clear (); Clear text

②send_keys (*value); Analog Key input

③click (); Click Element

Example:

driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwe"). Clear ()

driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwe"). Send_keys ("Zhang")

DRIVER.FIND_ELEMENT_BY_ID ("Login"). Click ()

5.webelement Interface Common Methods

Size: Returns the dimension of the element

Text: Gets the literal of the element

Get_attributte (name): Get property

Is_displayed (): Sets whether the element is visible to the user

Example:

size=driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwe"). Size gets the dimensions of the input box

text=driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwe"). Text gets textual information

Attributte = driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwe"). get_ attributte (' type ') can be an ID, name, type, or any other property
result= driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwe"). Is_displayed () returns whether the result of the element is visible, returns a result of ture, or false

5. Mouse events

Perform (): Performs the behavior stored in all Actionchains

Context_click (): Right-click

Double_click (): Double-click

Drag_and_drop (Element,target

Move_to_element (): Mouse hover

Example:

①romselenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import Actionchains first introduced Actionchains class

Driver =webdriver. Chrome ()

Driver.get ("http://www.baidu.com")

#...

#定位到要右击的元素

right_click= driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwe")

#对定位到的元素执行鼠标右击操作

Actionchains (Driver). Context_click (Right_click). Perform ()

Description

Actionchains (Driver): Call this class to pass the browser driver driver as a parameter

Context_click (Right_click): Simulates a mail operation that needs to specify element positioning when used

PERFOM (): Specifies the behavior that is stored in all actionchains.

②above=driver.find_element_by_id ("Qwer")

Actionchains (Driver). Move_to_element (above). PERFOM ()

Other methods are similar

6. Keyboard events

The Keys class provides all the key methods on the keyboard

Fromselenium.webdriver.common.keys Import Keys

Send_keys (keys.back_space) Delete key

Send_keys (keys.space) space key

Send_keys (keys.tab) Tab key

Send_keys (keys.escape) fallback key

Send_keys (keys.enter) Enter

Send_keys (Keys.control, ' a ') Select all

Send_keys (Keys.control, ' C ') copy

Send_keys (Keys.control, ' x ') clip

Send_keys (Keys.control, ' V ') paste

Send_keys (KEYS.F1)

...

Send_keys (KEYS.F12) f1-f12

7. Get Verification Information

Title,url, text

Example:

Now_url=driver.current_url get the current page URL

Title=driver.title Gets the current page title

Text is already mentioned in the front, do not repeat

8. Set element wait

① Explicit wait: webdriverwait (Driver,poll_fequency=0.5,ignored_exceptions=none)

② implicit wait: driver.implicitly_wait (time) time can be customized

③sleep hibernation: Sleep time time can be customized

9. Positioning a group of elements

After locating elements of a single element, add s

FIND_ELEMENTS_BY_ID ();

Find_elements_by_name ();

Find_elements_by_class_name ();

Find_elements_by_tag_name ();

Find_elements_by_link_text ();

Find_elements_by_partial_link_text ();

Find_elements_by_xpath ();

Find_elements_by_css_selector ();

10. Multi-form switching

Driver.swtich_to.frame ()

11. Multi-Window switching

Driver.switch_to.widow () to switch to the appropriate window

Current_window_handle gets the current window handle

Window_handles returns the handle of all windows to the current session

12. Warning Box handling

Text: Returns the text message in the Alert/confirm/prompt

Accept (): Accepts an existing warning box

Dismiss (): Dissolve Existing warning box

Send_keys (keystosend): Send Text to Warning box

13. Uploading Files

Normal upload: Place the path of the local file as a value in the Input tab and submit this value to the server through the form form

Plugin upload: The upload function is implemented based on Flash,javascript or Ajax technology.

①send_keys ()

Such as:

From selenium import Webdriver

Import OS

Driver = Webdriver. Chrome ()

File_path= ' file:///' + os.path.abspath (' upfile.html ')

Driver.get (File_path)

#定位上传按钮, add a local file

Driver.find_element_by_name ("file"). Send_keys (' D:\\upload_file.txt ')

Driver.quit ()

②autoit implement upload and download using http://www.autoitscript.com/site/

14. Download the file

From selenium import Webdriver

Import OS

Fp=webdriver. Firefoxprofile ()

Fp.set_preference ("Browser.download.folderList", 2) #0是默认路径, 2 is the specified path

Fp.set_preference ("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", False) #是否显示开始

Fp.set_preference ("Browser.download.dir", OS.GETCWD ()) #用于指定所下载的文件的目录

Fp.set_preference ("Browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "Application/octet-stream") #下载文件的类型

Driver=webdriver. Firefox (FIREFOX_PROFILE=FP)

Driver.get ("Http://pypi.Python.org/pypi/selenium")

Driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text ("Selenium-2"). Click ()

15. Manipulating Cookies

Webdriver How to manipulate cookies:

Get_cookies (): Get all cookie information

Get_cookie (name): Returns the cookie information for the dictionary key "name"

Add_cookie (cookie_dict): Add a cookie. Cookie_dict is a Dictionary object and must have a Name,value value

Delete_cookie (name,optionsstring): Delete Cookie Information

Delete_all_cookies (): Delete all cookie information

16. Call Javascipt

Adjust browser scroll bar position

Window.scrollto (left margin, top margin)

17. Handling HTML5 Video Playback

Load (), play (), pause () load, play, pause

18. Windows

Driver.get_screenshot_as_file ("D:\\xxxxx") #截取当前窗口 and specify where to save the picture

19. Close the window

Quit (): Exits the relevant program and closes all windows;

Close (): Close the current window

20. Processing of verification codes

① Remove the verification code

② Set Universal Verification code

③ Verification Code Identification technology

④ Record Cookies

20170627Selenium Automation---Webdriverapi