2018-3-13 Linux Learning Notes

12.6 Nginx Installation

• Cd/usr/local/src
• wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
• Tar zxvf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
• CD nginx-1.12.1
• ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx
• Make && make install
• Vim/etc/init.d/nginx #Create nginx configuration file, copy the following:
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  #!/bin/bash
  # Chkconfig:-30 21
  # Description:http Service.
  # Source Function Library
  . /etc/init.d/functions
  # Nginx Settings
  Nginx_sbin= "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx_conf= "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  Nginx_pid= "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  Retval=0
  Prog= "Nginx"
  Start ()
  {
  Echo-n $ "Starting $prog:"
  Mkdir-p/dev/shm/nginx_temp
  Daemon $NGINX _sbin-c $NGINX _conf
  Retval=$?
  Echo
  Return $RETVAL
  }
  Stop ()
  {
  Echo-n $ "Stopping $prog:"
  Killproc-p $NGINX _pid $NGINX _sbin-term
  Rm-rf/dev/shm/nginx_temp
  Retval=$?
  Echo
  Return $RETVAL
  }
  Reload ()
  {
  Echo-n $ "Reloading $prog:"
  Killproc-p $NGINX _pid $NGINX _sbin-hup
  Retval=$?
  Echo
  Return $RETVAL
  }
  Restart ()
  {
  Stop
  Start
  }
  Configtest ()
  {
  $NGINX _sbin-c $NGINX _conf-t
  return 0
  }
  Case "$" in
  Start
  Start
  ;;
  Stop
  Stop
  ;;
  Reload
  Reload
  ;;
  Restart
  Restart
  ;;
  Configtest)
  Configtest
  ;;
  *)
  echo $ "Usage: $ {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
  Retval=1
  Esac
  Exit $RETVAL
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  #以上代码参考:
  Https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinuxbook/git/blob/master/D15Z/etc_init.d_nginx
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
• chmod 755/etc/init.d/nginx
• Chkconfig--add Nginx

• Chkconfig Nginx on

• cd/usr/local/nginx/conf/
• MV Nginx.conf Nginx.conf.bak
• Vim nginx.conf//Creating an Nginx Startup script configuration file, write the following:
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------
  User nobody nobody;
  Worker_processes 2;
  Error_log/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log Crit;
  Pid/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
  Worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
  Events
  {
  Use Epoll;
  Worker_connections 6000;
  }
  http
  {
  Include Mime.types;
  Default_type Application/octet-stream;
  Server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
  Server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
  Log_format combined_realip ' $remote _addr $http _x_forwarded_for [$time _local] '
  ' $host ' $request _uri "$status"
  ' "$http _referer" "$http _user_agent";
  Sendfile on;
  Tcp_nopush on;
  Keepalive_timeout 30;
  Client_header_timeout 3m;
  Client_body_timeout 3m;
  Send_timeout 3m;
  Connection_pool_size 256;
  Client_header_buffer_size 1k;
  Large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
  Request_pool_size 4k;
  Output_buffers 4 32k;
  Postpone_output 1460;
  Client_max_body_size 10m;
  Client_body_buffer_size 256k;
  Client_body_temp_path/usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
  Proxy_temp_path/usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
  Fastcgi_temp_path/usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
  Fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
  Tcp_nodelay on;
  gzip on;
  Gzip_min_length 1k;
  Gzip_buffers 4 8k;
  Gzip_comp_level 5;
  Gzip_http_version 1.1;
  Gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
  Application/xml;
  Server
  {
  Listen 80;
  server_name localhost;
  Index index.html index.htm index.php;
  root/usr/local/nginx/html;
  Location ~. php$
  {
  Include Fastcgi_params;
  Fastcgi_pass Unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
  Fastcgi_index index.php;
  Fastcgi_param Script_filename/usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
  }
  }
  }
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
  #以上代码参考:
  Https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/nginx.conf
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
• /USR/LOCAL/NGINX/SBIN/NGINX-T//Check for syntax errors
• /etc/init.d/nginx Start//Startup Nginx Service
• NETSTAT-LNTP |grep 80//View listening 80 port status

• Test PHP parsing
  vi/usr/local/nginx/html/1.php//Add the following:
  <?php
  echo "Test PHP scripts.";
  ?>
  Curl localhost/1.php//test can parse PHP
  

• Problems encountered during installation:
  [Email protected] nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig--add nginx
  Service Nginx does not support Chkconfig
  
  
  The reason is that there is an error in the Nginx configuration file, correct as soon as OK.
  12.7 Default Virtual Host
• Vim/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
• Comment out this part of the server{} and add the following line:
• Include vhost/*.conf;
  
• Mkdir/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost//Create a virtual host directory
• Cd/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhos
• Vim default.conf//Add the following:
  Server
  {
  Listen default_server; #有这个标记的就是默认虚拟主机
  server_name aaa.com;
  Index index.html index.htm index.php;
  Root/data/wwwroot/default;
  }
• Mkdir-p/data/wwwroot/default/
• echo "This is a default site." >/data/wwwroot/default/index.html
• /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t
• /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-s Reload #重新加载nginx

To test the default virtual host:

• Curl localhost
• Curl-x127.0.0.1:80 123.com
  

12.8 Nginx user authentication

• 1. User authentication for the entire site:

• Vim/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf #写入如下内容
  Server
  {
  Listen 80;
  server_name test.com;
  Index index.html index.htm index.php;
  root/data/wwwroot/test.com;

  Location/# user authentication related configuration
  {
  Auth_basic "Auth";
  AUTH_BASIC_USER_FILE/USR/LOCAL/NGINX/CONF/HTPASSWD;
  }
  }

• Yum install-y httpd #安装apache, if not, you can skip the step
• /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/htpasswd-c/usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd Auth_User #指定用户认证的用户名
• /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t
• /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-s Reload #重新加载nginx
• Mkdir/data/wwwroot/test.com
• echo "test.com" >/data/wwwroot/test.com/index.html

• Test user authentication:
  (1) Pass Curl Test
  curl-x127.0.0.1:80 test.com-i #状态码为401说明需要验证
  curl-uauth_user:123-x127.0.0.1:80 test.com-i #访问状态码变为200
  
  (2) test access via browser
  Edit the Hosts file for Windows and then access the test.com in the browser to enter the user, password pop-up window

• 2. User authentication for the directory
  location/admin/
  {
  Auth_basic "Auth";
  AUTH_BASIC_USER_FILE/USR/LOCAL/NGINX/CONF/HTPASSWD;
  }

• 3. User authentication for a page
  Location ~ admin.php
  {
  Auth_basic "Auth";
  AUTH_BASIC_USER_FILE/USR/LOCAL/NGINX/CONF/HTPASSWD;
  }

Knowledge Points:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-s Reload
Reloading, if the configuration file has a syntax error, it does not take effect, so that does not cause the Nginx service to stop, and restart the word/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx restart may cause the Nginx service due to errors and can not start normally.

12.9 Nginx Domain Redirection

• Edit/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf as follows:
  Server
  {
  Listen 80;
  server_name test.com test1.com test2.com;
  Index index.html index.htm index.php;
  root/data/wwwroot/test.com;
  if ($host! = ' test.com ') {
  Rewrite ^/(. *) $ http://test.com/$1 permanent;
  }
  }
• Test results:
  
  Knowledge Points:
• server_name support to write multiple domain names, which is different from httpd, httpd can only be done by the server alias to do this.
• Permanent is permanently redirected, the status code is 301, and if written as redirect, the status code is 302.

Extended Learning:
NGINX.CONF Configuration Detailed
Http://www.ha97.com/5194.html
http://my.oschina.net/duxuefeng/blog/34880
Nginx rewrite four kinds of flag
Http://www.netingcn.com/nginx-rewrite-flag.html

http://unixman.blog.51cto.com/10163040/1711943

2018-3-13 Linux Learning Notes