A variety of commands, tools, and other statistics used in the learning process

One, the Linux command:

1, Fdisk-l; View all the Partitions

2, Fdisk/dev/sdb; To operate on a partition

3, mkfs;//disk format, for example: Mkfs-t ext4/dev/sdb3

4. dumpe2fs/dev/sdb2;//observation File system

5, Free-m; View memory and swap information

6, Fdisk divided into a partition to the system as SWAP,MKSWAP/DEV/SDB3; SWAPON/DEV/SDB3;

7, create a large file; Mkswap/home/swap.file; Swapon/home/swap.file

8, DD If=/dev/zero of=/home/dev bs=1m count=256

9, Swapoff/home/swap.file;

10, mount-t ext4/dev/sdb3/home/space;//equipment mount

11, Df-h; viewing mount Information

12, UMOUNT/DEV/SDB3;

13. Set up auto-mount in/etc/fstab.

14, Mount-a; Check the/etc/fstab file for errors and mount all the devices defined inside it

15. du-ha/home/space;//file system disk usage or directory usage

16, Echo $JAVA _home;

17, variable set name=nextflower; Echo $name;

18. Variable contents are provided by other commands: version=$ (uname)

19, unset variable name; #取消变量的定义

20, Env; #查看环境变量

21, export var=flower; #普通变量变为环境变量

22, Find/-name *.log-size +10000c-exec ls {} \; #查找大小大于10000字节的文件

23, find. -perm 755-print; #按照文件权限来查找文件

24, find. -user Nextflower-print; #按照文件所有者来查找文件

25, find/-group oracle-print; #按照文件所属的组来查找文件

26, Find/-mtime-5-print; #修改时间5天以内的文件

27, find/-mtime +3-print; #修改时间在3日以前的文件

28, Find/-nogroup-print; #查找无有效所属组的文件

29, Find/etc-type D print; All directories in #查找/etc directory

30. SED command

31. grep command

32. Tail command

33. Sort command

34. Cut command

35. History command

36, Top: Dynamic observation program changes

37, Pstree-a; #打印系统所有进程树

38, Pstree-aup; #系统进程树同事显示PID与userSS

39, Ps-l; #仅观察自己的bash相关进程

40, Kill-l; #查看所有可用信号signal

41, Kill-1 PID; #重新加载并启动

42, kill-9 PID; #强制杀掉一个进程

43, Killall-9 sshd; #强制终止所有以sshd启动的进程

44. Uname: View system and kernel related information

45, Uname-a; #所有系统相关的信息

46, Uname-s; #系统内核名称

47, Uname-r; #内核版本

48, Uname-m; #本系统的硬件名称, such as i686 or x86_64, etc.

49, Uname-p; #CPU类型

50, Uname-i; #硬件的平台

51, Uptime: Observe the system start time and workload

52, Netstat: Network monitoring

53, Netstat-a; #将目前系统上所有的已经连接, listening, and socket data are listed to

54, Netstat-t; #列出tcp网络包的信息

55, Netstat-u; #列出udp网络包的信息

56, Netstat-n; #以端口形式来显示

57, Netstat-l; #列出目前正在监听的服务

58, Netstat-p; #列出该网络服务的进程id.

59, Vmstat: Detection system Resource changes

60, Vmstat 1 3; #统计目前主机CPU状态, 1 times per second, total 3 times.

61. Jobs: View Current work status

62, Jobs-l; #除了列出job number and instruction string, colleagues list PID numbers

63, Jobs-r; #仅列出正在后台run的任务

64, Jobs-s; #仅列出正在后台暂停的任务.

65, FG Jobnumber; #将后台任务拿到前台执行

66, Gzip-v Man.config; #此种方式压缩完毕后, the source file disappears

67, gzip-d man.config.gz; #解压缩文件, the compressed file disappears

68, Tar-zpcv-f/root/etc.tar.gz/etc; #

69, RPM-IVH Package_name; #安装显示进度

70, RPM-QA | grep jdk; #列出所有已经安装在本机上的软件名称

71, RPM-QL jdk; #列出该软件所有的文件与目录所在的完整文件名

72, RPM-QR jdk; #查看jdk所需要的依赖

73, Rpm-v JDK; #查看jdk是否被改动过

74, Rpm-e JDK; #卸载

75, Yum Search; #解析/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo File

76, yum list;

77, yum install package_name;

78,/ETC/INIT.D/HTTPD status;

79,/ETC/INIT.D/HTTPD start;

80. Ifconfig: NIC Configuration

81, Ping mainly through the ICMP packet for the entire Network status report

82, Ping-c 5; #执行5次ping操作

83. Traceroute track the routing between two hosts

84, Traceroute IP; #

85, Chkconfig; #检查开机阶段启动的服务

86. Tcpdump the network packet from the NIC

87, wget download resources from the network, morning storage to the current directory

88, Wget-o hadoop.new Http://www.hadoop.com/hadoop.zip; #下载并重新命名

89, wget--limit-rate=300k http;//www.hadoop.com; #限速下载

90, Wget-c http://www.hadoop.com; #使用断点续传

91. Rsync Data Mirroring Backup tool

92. Curl Get Web Form

Second, tool use 1, VIM Editor: A, General mode shortcut keys:

H: The cursor shifts one character to the left.

J: The cursor moves down one character.

K: Move the cursor up one character.

L: The cursor shifts one character to the right.

Crtl+f: The screen moves down one page.

Crtl+b: The screen moves up one page.

H: The cursor moves to the first character of the row at the top of the current screen.

M: The cursor moves to the first character of the line in the middle of the current screen.

L: The cursor moves to the first character in the bottom row of the current screen.

G: Move to the last line of the file.

NG: Move to Nth line of file

GG: Move to the first line.

N[enter]: The cursor moves down n rows.

/work: Look down word word

? work: Find word up word

N: Indicates that the previous find operation was repeated.

N: Contrary to N.

: s/word1/word2/g replace word1 with Word2 on current line lookup

:%s/word1/word2/g replaces the current file lookup word1 with Word2

: N1,n2s/word1/word2/g in N1 to N2 line find Word1 Replace with Word2

: 1, $s/word1/word2/g in 1 to the last row find Word1 replace with Word2

: 1, $s/word1/word2/gc confirm that the user is replaced before replacing.

X: Remove one character backwards

NX: Removes n characters backwards.

X: Deletes a character forward.

DD: Delete cursor in the row

NDD: Deletes the following n lines of the row where the cursor is located.

D1G: Deletes all data from the row to the first row of the cursor.

DG: Removes all data from the line to the last row of the cursor.

d$: Deletes the last character of the cursor to the same peer ...

D0: Deletes the first character of the cursor at the same place.

YY: The line where the cursor is copied.

NYY: The copy cursor is located down n rows.

Y1G: Copies all data from the row of the cursor to the first row.

YG: Copies all data from the row to the last row of the cursor.

y$: Copies the cursor to the last character of the peer.

Y0: Copies the cursor to the first character of the peer.

P: Pastes the copied data to the next line of the cursor.

P: Pastes the copied data to the previous line.

U: Restores the previous operation.

B, edit mode shortcut key:

I: Insert from where the cursor is located.

L: Inserted from the first non-white-space word in the row of prompt.

A: Insert from the next character where the cursor is located.

A: Prompt inserted from the last word in the line where the cursor is located.

o: Insert a new line at the next line where the cursor is located.

O: Inserts a new line on the line where the cursor is located.

R: replaces the character at which the cursor is located one time.

R: Always replace the text at the cursor until ESC is pressed

C, Command mode shortcut key:

: W[filename]: Save as filename

: r[filename]: Read filename to the line following the cursor

: N1,n2 W[filename] Save N1 to N2 row as filename

: q!

: wq!

: Set Nu

: Set Nonu

2. SED command:

SED is a non-interactive text processing tool.

A, sed "s/hadoop/hadoop2/g" demo.txt > Demo2.txt

B, Sed-i "s/hadoop/hadoop2/g" demo.txt; #修改原文件内容

C, sed "3s/hadoop/hadoop2/g" demo.txt; #只替换第三行

D, sed "1,2s/hadoop/hadoop2/g" demo.txt; #替换第1到第2行的文本

E, sed "S/L/L/1" demo.txt; #替换每一行的第一个l;

F, sed "S/G/G/2" demo.txt; #替换每一行的第二个;

G, sed "s/g/g/3g" demo.txt; #替换第一行的第3个以后的g;

H, sed "s/g/g/1;s/h/h/3g" demo.txt; #一次替换多个模式

I, sed "s/g/g/1"-E "s/h/h/3g" demo.txt; #效果同上

J, sed "1 I hi World" demo.txt; #在第一行后新加一行数据

K, sed "1 a Hi World" demo.txt; #在第一行后追加

L, sed "/hive/d" demo.txt; #d动作删除匹配行

3. grep command:

-？ : Displays the top and bottom of matching rows at the same time? Yes

-B: Print the block number where the matching line is located

-C: Prints only the number of matched rows and does not print matching content

-I: Ignore case

-N: Prints line numbers in front of matching lines

--color: Highlight Hit

4. Sort command:

-N: Sort by value

-U: Duplicate rows do not appear

-R: Reverse Sort

-T: Specify the symbol for the segment

-K: The number of paragraphs specified

5. Cut command:

Cut-b 2 demo.txt; #剪切每一行的第二个字节

Cut-b 5-7 Demo.txt; #剪切每一行的第5-7 bytes

Cut-b 9-demo.txt; #剪切每一行的第9个字节之后

Cut-b-9 Demo.txt; #剪切每一行的第9个字节之前

Cut-d. -F 2 demo.txt; #以点为分隔符获取第二个字段

Third, the common operation of Linux

1, Cat/etc/shells #查看系统提供了哪些种类shell

A variety of commands, tools, and other statistics used in the learning process