Basic Linux Knowledge

1.url does not write the port number, the default is 80 port; This machine is 127.0.0.1 or localhost

2. User Management

View Current User:

ID: can view the current user; WhoAmI: view the current user; Who: can view the currently logged in user; W: can also view

Add Users:

Useradd username; Useradd-g groupname username; passwd username;

The user's default home directory is the/home/directory;

passwd: Add password to the added user, you can also reset the password;

Wavy Line ~ represents home directory;

Quick Home directory: cd ~; Direct CD

To switch users:

SU username; Su-username;

Difference: Su-will reload the user's environment variables;

sudo: Get super User privileges;

To add sudo permissions for a normal User:

Root all= (All) is found in the/etc/sudoers file

Username all= (All) Nopasswd:all

To delete a user:

Userdel username;

Userdel-r XW Delete the user's home directory when it is deleted;

Group Management

Add Group: Groupadd name;

Delete Group: Groupdel name;

Operations on a directory folder

PWD: Displays the current path

CD: Enter the directory (folder)

Create folder: mkdir document; Mkdir-p/tmp/besttest/blk; If the parent directory does not exist, create a

See what's Under the file:

Ls-l = = ll; Show details in this directory

Ls-a: Show contains hidden files

New file, file permissions

Permissions for the owner of the same group of permissions for other users

rw-r--r--

File name change:

MV Besttest Linux; MV Besttest/tmp

MV if followed by the file name is renamed, if the path is the mobile

Copy

CP ax/tmp/Copying files

Cp-r linux/tmp/Copy Folder

CP-RF Linux

Alias wgy= ' Cd/opt/lampp '

If it's permanent, add it to/etc/profile.

/top directory, My Computer equivalent to Windows

Relative path: Equivalent to the current path

Absolute path: The actual path

Cd.. Back to the top level directory

Cd.. /.. /go to the top level two directory

CD-Return to the last directory

Plus permissions

X: Execute W: Write R: Read

chmod o+x Other users chmod g+x this group of users chmod u+x themselves chmod +rwx all

chmod a+x All Remove permissions, turn + into-

R=4 w=2 x=1 The permissions of the digital mode

chmod 755 File If you add the permission to a folder, add-R

Chown change the owner of the file: Chown files user If the permission is a folder to add-R

CHGRP change the owning group of the files: Chgrp file group If the permission is a folder, add-R

Wc-l File: Count rows

| Pipe break: Connect two commands, execute the result of the previous command to handle the following command: LS |wc-l

&&: Connection two command, successively executed: SH starup.sh && tail-f/logs/catlina.out

Operations on files

Vi

Toggle edit mode and command mode: I check into the current position; O Next row of the line; a next position to edit

ESC exit edit mode switch to command mode

Exit VI:

Command mode:

: Q without modification, you can exit directly.

: q! does not save exit

: Wq Save Exit

: X Save exit

Find:

/test looking from the beginning.

? Test starts at the end of the file

Display line number:: Set Nu

Suppress line number:: Set Nonu

Fast to a line:: line number

Fast to end of file: Shift+g

Delete a single character: X

Delete entire line: DD

Delete multiple lines: 19DD

Undo: U

Copy a whole line: yy

Copy Multiple lines: 10yy

Paste: P

Repeat the previous operation:.

Move cursor to beginning of line: 0

Move cursor to end of line: $

Replacement string::%s/src_str/new_str/g

View File Contents

Cat, more, less, tail-f

Ln/opt/lampp/xampp ~/wxy

Find/-name MySQL finding files/folders

grep xxx file Find files

GREP-V Filter the specified keywords

Tail-f/opt/lampp/logs/access_log |grep WGY

Du-sh * Can see the space occupied by all the files in the current directory

Du-sh dirname

Df-h can see how much of the current disk is used

Installing the Software

Upload, download

FTP tools: Direct drag, anything can be agreed to upload, SFTP protocol

Rz/sz cannot upload folders

Switching machine, restart

Shutdown: Shutdown-h 30 timer shutdown

Shutdown-h now immediately shuts down the machine

Init 0 shuts down immediately

Reboot restart

Shutdown-r 20 timed restart

Exit Logout

of the network

IP A

Ifconfig

Dhclient Auto Get IP

Compress, unzip files

Tar CVF Linux is packaged directly, preceded by the name of the package, and who is to be packaged later

Tar zcvf linux.tgz Linux compression

Tar xvf Linux.tar Linux decompression, regardless of compression can be unlocked

Zip linux.zip Linux Zip package

Unzip Linux.zip

Gzip file can only package files, packaging the original files are not

Gunzip file.gz

Cat xx > New_xx covers the original content

Cat xx >> new_xx append

Ps-ef|grep mysql|grep-v grep Lookup process

PS just shows the state of execution that moment

Top dynamic viewing process, but cannot find

Kill-9 pid kill process, can follow multiple PID

Nohup./jmeter-server & Running a program in the background

Scheduled Tasks

CRONTAB-E Editing timed tasks

Crontab-l See which scheduled tasks are currently available

crontab file format m H d M D cmd; M minutes (0~59), H hours (0~23), d within a week of days (0~6,0 for Sunday), CMD to run the program, * every minute is executed

To view the port number:

Netstat-nlpt|grep 18983 Query What is the start port number for this process number?

Netstat-nplt|grep Port to see if this port number is occupied

Environment variables: Make a script/script available in whatever directory you want

System Environment variables:/etc/profile

User environment variable: ~/.BASHRC

Export path= $PATH:

Source/etc/profile

SOURCE ~/.BASHRC

Shell script: Multiple commands are written together

Ps-ef|grep jmeter|grep-v grep |awk ' {print $} '

awk ' {print $} ' takes two columns of data

The Linux default Shell interpreter is bash

Software Installation:

RPM-IVH xx.rpm

RPM-E xxxx

Rpm-qa|grep XXX Query Whether this software has been installed

Yum

XX yum-y Install XXX

SOURCE Installation:

./configure--prefix=/path Generating compiled files

Make compilation

Make install to put the compiled files in the specified directory

RZSZ command installation: Use Yum installation, yum-y install Lrzsz,

Compile and install: http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-154615.html

Basic Linux Knowledge