Basic Linux Knowledge

1. Unix Introduction, Unix Kind

Unix System was born in 1969 Bell Labs, the 1970s, the development of Unix gradually, during the period produced a more important branch, is about 1977 birth of the BSD system, starting from the BSD system, Major manufacturers and commercial companies began to develop their systems based on their own hardware architecture and BSD systems, resulting in various versions of UNIX, such as HP Unix, a AIX,HP company of Sun's SOLARIS,IBM company. Provides the foundation for a UNIX system with strong compatibility.

2. UNIX features of the system

• Mature technology, high reliability

There is basically no need for a reboot to use UNIX systems.

• Very strong flexibility

UNIX supports a lot of CPU processor architectures, including INTEL/AMD/HP=PA and many other processors.

• Powerful network capabilities

The most important protocol TCP/IP protocol for Internet Internet is developed and developed on UNIX. In addition, UNIX supports many common network communication protocols, such as NFS, DCE, etc.

• Strong database Support Capabilities

Large databases such as Oracle, DB2, Sybase, Informix, and so on, have been the main development and operational platform for UNIX, and have been so far.

• Powerful development Features

It was Unix that prompted the birth of C language and promoted and developed it. In the early days of the internet, the emergence of software and new technologies was almost always on UNIX, for example: TCP/IP, WWW. JAVA XML, and so on.

3. GPL , free software, FSF, GNU, what three important people have done.

1, the GPL is created by the Free Software Foundation, is an important open source license agreement, all known as the general public Licene, the Chinese name is the common common license agreement. The core of the GPL is to ensure that anyone has the freedom to share and modify free software, and that anyone has the right to obtain, modify and republish the source code of the free software, but must give the source codes for the specific changes.

2, the core of free software is no commercial copyright restrictions, the source code to eat, free to spread without restraint.

Add: free software and Free Software

Free software emphasizes the issue of rights rather than whether it is free. Freedom means freedom, not free, which is a completely different concept. For example: Red Hat Linux is free software but not free, and CentOS Linux is free and free.

3. The FSF was founded by Richardstallman in 1984. All called the Freesoftware Foundation, the Chinese name is the Free Software Foundation. Its main project is the GNU Project, which aims to build a free-release and portable Unix-like operating system product.

4, GNU is all called GNU IsNot Unix, the main purpose is to establish a complete set of free and portable Unix-like operating system. The main software generated by the GNU project includes: emace editing software, gcc compiler software, bash command interpreter, and programming language.

5. Three important people in the history of Linux: Professor Tan Bonning, Richard Stallman, Linus Torvalds, Tan Bonning professor, who developed a UNIX-like system for teaching in 1984, named Minix, And in 1989 the Minix was run on the computer platform of the X86 architecture.

Richard Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation and launched the GNU Project, although the GNU Project failed, but produced many important software that provided many components for later Linux development. Linus Torvalds, the father of Linux, developed the Linux system kernel.

4. Linux Introduction, characteristics.

Linux is a set of meal source code, free-to-propagate Unix-like operating system, design is based on the Intel X86 Series computer architecture computer. The purpose of the original Linux system was to establish compatible products of Unix-like systems that were free to use worldwide without any copyright restrictions. Its main purpose now: server, embedded development, and personal PC Desktop 3 big domain, in which the server domain is the top priority. Supplement: can refer to www.netcraft.com

Linux mainly has the following characteristics:

• is open source program, can be freely modified.

• UNIX-compatible products with almost all the good features of UNIX.

• Free to disseminate without any commercial copyright restrictions .

• A computer suitable for X86CPU system architectures such as Intel.

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Basic Linux Knowledge