C # Language Features

C #ProgramWithout sacrificing the features that C and C ++ programmers are concerned about. It faithfully inherits the advantages of C and C ++. If you know something about C or C ++, you will find that it is so familiar. Even if you are a newbie, C # Won't bring you any other troubles. Rapid Application Development (RAD) the idea and concise syntax will quickly make you a skilled developer.

As mentioned above, C # is a language developed specifically for. NET applications. This fundamentally guarantees the perfect combination of C # And. Net frameworks. With the support of the. NET Runtime Library, the various advantages of the. NET Framework are fully demonstrated in C. Let's take a look at some of the highlights of C #. I believe that in the future, you will deeply understand the true meaning of "#"-"sharp.

● Concise syntax

● Ground Object Design

● Close integration with Web

● Complete security and error handling

● Version Processing Technology

● Flexibility and compatibility

1. Concise syntax

Forgive me. Although we have repeatedly stressed that learning this book does not require any programming basics, we have to mention C ++ here.

By defaultCodeIt runs in a "operable" environment provided by the. NET Framework and does not allow direct memory operations. The biggest feature it brings is that there is no pointer. Related to this is that operators (such as ":", "->", and ".") that are used in C ++ are no longer displayed. C # only supports one ".". For us, everything we need to understand now is just the nesting of names.

C # Replace the pseudo keywords that make the Active Template Library (ALT) and COM messy, such as ole_color, bool, variant_bool, and dispid_xxxxx. Each C # operator has a new name in the. NET class library.

Syntax redundancy is a common problem in C ++, such as "const" and "# define" and various character types. C # This is simplified, and only common forms are retained, while other redundant forms are removed from its syntax structure.

2. Design of Ground Objects

As you may say, from smalltalk, object-oriented topics have always been entangled in any modern programming language. Indeed, C # has all the characteristics of object-oriented languages: encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism, which is not surprising. However, C # is the absolute choice for building a wide range of components from advanced business objects to system-level applications through a well-designed forward object.

In the C # type system, each type can be considered as an object. C # provides a mechanism called boxing and unboxing to complete this operation without causing any user trouble, this will be described in more detail in subsequent chapters.

C # Only single inheritance is allowed, that is, a class does not have multiple base classes, thus avoiding confusion of the type definition. In subsequent studies, you will soon find that C # does not have a global function, a global variable, or a global constant. Everything must be encapsulated in a class. Your code will have better readability and reduce the possibility of name conflicts.

The class model of C # is built on. net Virtual Object System (VOS). The object model is. net infrastructure, instead of being an integral part of it. Another advantage of doing so is compatibility.

With the rich rad experience gained from VB, C # has a good development environment. Combined with its powerful object-oriented functions, C # greatly improves the production efficiency of developers. For companies, shortening the software development cycle will allow them to better cope with competition in the network economy. People have finally found a pivot on the lever of functionality and efficiency.

Iii. Close integration with Web

New application development models in. Net mean that more and more solutions need to be unified with web standards, such as hypertext markup language (HTML) and XML. Due to historical reasons, some existing development tools cannot be closely integrated with the Web. The use of soap makes C # overcome this defect, and large-scale and in-depth distributed development is now possible.

With the help of the web service framework, for programmers, the network service looks like a local object of C. Programmers can use their existing object-oriented knowledge and skills to develop Web Services. Only a simple C # language structure is required. The C # component can conveniently serve the web and allow them to be called by any language running on any operating system over the Internet. For example, XML has become the standard for data structure transmission in the network. To improve efficiency, C # allows you to directly map XML data into a structure. In this way, various types of data can be effectively processed.

Iv. Complete security and error handling

The security and error processing capabilities of a language are an important basis for measuring whether a language is excellent. Anyone will make mistakes, even the most skilled programmer is no exception: Forget the initialization of the variable and modify the memory space that does not fall within the scope of their management ,....... These errors often have unpredictable consequences. Once such software is put into use, the cost of finding and correcting these simple mistakes will be unacceptable. C #'s advanced design can eliminate many common errors in software development and provide complete security performance, including type security. To reduce errors in development, C # Will help developers complete the same function with less code, which not only reduces the workload of programmers, but also effectively avoids errors.

The. NET Runtime Library provides code access security. It allows administrators and users to configure security levels based on the Code ID. By default, code downloaded from the internet and intranet cannot access any local files or resources. For example, if a program running in a shared directory on the network needs to access some local resources, exceptions will be triggered and will be thrown out relentlessly, if it is copied to the local hard disk, everything works normally. The garbage collection mechanism in memory management reduces the burden on memory management by developers .. The garbage collection (GC) provided by the. NET platform will be responsible for resource release and memory cleanup when the object is revoked.

Variables are type-safe. In C #, uninitialized variables cannot be used. The compiler is responsible for setting the member variables of an object to zero. When a local variable is used without initialization, the compiler will remind you; C # It does not support insecure orientation and cannot point Integers to the reference type. For example, if an object points to a downstream direction, C # automatically verifies the validity of the pointing point; C # provides the border check and overflow check functions.

V. Version Processing Technology

C # provides built-in version support to reduce development costs. Using C # will make it easier for developers to develop and maintain various business users.

Upgrading components (modules) in the software system is an easy task to produce errors. The code modification may affect the existing software and cause program crash. To help developers solve these problems, C # has built-in version control functions in the language. For example, function overloading must be explicitly declared, rather than being inadvertently implemented as often happens in C ++ or Java, this prevents code-level errors and retains versionized features. Another related feature is the support of interfaces and interface inheritance. These features ensure that complex software can be easily developed and upgraded.

6. Flexibility and compatibility

While simplifying the syntax, C # does not lose flexibility. Although it is not an unrestricted language, for example, it cannot be used to develop hardware drivers, and there are no pointers by default, you will find that, it is still so clever.

If necessary, C # allows you to declare some methods of some classes or classes as unsafe. In this way, you will be able to use pointers, structures, and static arrays, and calling these unsafe codes will not cause any other problems. In addition, it also provides another thing (the title is somewhat disrespectful) to simulate the pointer function-delegates, represented. Another example: C # does not support multi-class inheritance, but you will obtain this function by inheriting interfaces.

Security of the next interview.

Due to its flexibility, C # allows interaction with APIs that require passing pointer parameters in the C style. Any DLL entry point can be accessed in the program. C # complies with. NET Common Language Specification (CLS), ensuring the interoperability between C # and other language components. The introduction of metadata (metadata) ensures both compatibility and type security.

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