Function Name: Bar
Function: Draw a two-dimensional bar chart
Usage: void far bar (int left, int top, int. right, int bottom);
program Example:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h> int main (void)
{
/* Request Auto Detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, Gmode, errorcode;
int Midx, midy, I; /* Initialize graphics and local variables */
Initgraph (&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* Read result of initialization */
ErrorCode = Graphresult ();
if (errorcode! = grOk)/* An error occurred */
{
PRintf ("Graphics Error:%s\n", Grapherrormsg (ErrorCode));
printf ("Press any key to halt:");
Getch ();
Exit (1); /* Terminate with an error code */
} MIDX = Getmaxx ()/2;
Midy = Getmaxy ()/2; /* Loop through the fill patterns */
for (I=solid_fill; i<user_fill; i++)
{
/* Set the Fill style */
Setfillstyle (i, Getmaxcolor ()); /* Draw the bar */
Bar (midx-50, midy-50, midx+50,
MIDY+50); Getch ();
}/* Clean up */
Closegraph ();
return 0;
}
Function Name: Bar3d
Function: Draw a three-dimensional bar chart
Usage: void far bar3d (int left, int top, int. right, int bottom,
int depth, int topflag);
Program Example: #include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h> int main (void)
{
/* Request Auto Detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, Gmode, errorcode;
int Midx, midy, I; /* Initialize graphics, local variables */
Initgraph (&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* Read result of initialization */
ErrorCode = Graphresult ();
if (errorcode! = grOk)/* An error occurred */
{
printf ("Graphics Error:%s\n", Grapherrormsg (ErrorCode));
printf ("Press any key to halt:");
Getch ();
Exit (1); /* Terminate with error code */
} MIDX = Getmaxx ()/2;
Midy = Getmaxy ()/2; /* Loop through the fill patterns */
for (I=empty_fill; i<user_fill; i++)
{
/* Set the Fill style */
Setfillstyle (i, Getmaxcolor ()); /* Draw the-the-bar */
Bar3d (midx-50, midy-50, Midx+50, Midy+50, 10, 1); Getch ();
}/* Clean up */
Closegraph ();
return 0;
}
Function Name: BDOs
Function: DOS system call
Usage: int bdos (int dosfun, unsigned dosdx, unsigned dosal);
Program Example: #include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>/* Get current drive as ' A ', ' B ', ... */
Char current_drive (void)
{
Char curdrive; /* Get Current disk as 0, 1, ... */
curdrive = BDOs (0x19, 0, 0);
Return (' A ' + curdrive);
} int main (void)
{
printf ("The current drive is%c:\n", current_drive ());
return 0;
}
Function Name: bdosptr
Function: DOS system call
Usage: int bdosptr (int dosfun, void *argument, unsigned dosal);
Program Example: #include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dir.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h> #define Buflen int main (void)
{
Char Buffer[buflen];
int test; printf ("Enter full pathname of a directory\n");
Gets (buffer); Test = Bdosptr (0x3b,buffer,0);
if (test)
{
printf ("DOS error message:%d\n", errno);
/* See errno.h for error listings */
Exit (1);
} getcwd (buffer, buflen);
printf ("The current directory is:%s\n", buffer); return 0;
}
Function Name: bioscom
Function: Serial I/O communication
Usage: int bioscom (int cmd, char abyte, int port);
Program Example: #include <bios.h>
#include <conio.h> #define COM1 0
#define Data_ready 0x100
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0 #define SETTINGS (0x80 0x02 0x00 0x00) int main (void)
{
int in, out, status, done = FALSE; Bioscom (0, SETTINGS, COM1);
Cprintf ("... bioscom [ESC] to exit ... \ n ");
while (! Done)
{
Status = bioscom (3, 0, COM1);
if (Status & Data_ready)
if (out = bioscom (2, 0, COM1) & 0x7F)! = 0)
Putch (out);
if (Kbhit ())
{
if (in = Getch ()) = = = ' \x1b ')
done = TRUE;
Bioscom (1, in, COM1);
}
}
return 0;
}
Function Name: Biosdisk
Function: Soft hard disk I/O
Usage: int biosdisk (int cmd, int drive, int head, int track, int sector
int nsects, void *buffer);
Program Example: #include <bios.h>
#include <stdio.h> int main (void)
{
int result;
Char buffer[512]; printf ("Testing to see if drive A:is ready\n");
result = Biosdisk (4,0,0,0,0,1,buffer);
Result &= 0x02;
(result)? (printf ("Drive A:ready\n")):
(printf ("Drive A:not ready\n")); return 0;
}
Function Name: Biosequip
function: Check Equipment
Usage: int biosequip (void);
Program Example: #include <bios.h>
#include <stdio.h> int main (void)
{
int result;
Char buffer[512]; printf ("Testing to see if drive A:is ready\n");
result = Biosdisk (4,0,0,0,0,1,buffer);
Result &= 0x02;
(result)? (printf ("Drive A:ready\n")):
(printf ("Drive A:not ready\n")); return 0;
}
Function Name: Bioskey
Function: Keyboard interface for direct use of the BIOS service
Usage: int bioskey (int cmd);
Program Example: #include <stdio.h>
#include <bios.h>
#include <ctype.h> #define RIGHT 0x01
#define LEFT 0x02
#define CTRL 0x04
#define ALT 0x08 int main (void)
{
int key, modifiers; /* Function 1 returns 0 until a key is pressed */
while (Bioskey (1) = = 0); /* Function 0 returns the key is waiting */
Key = Bioskey (0); /* Use function 2 to determine if shift keys were used */
modifiers = Bioskey (2);
if (modifiers)
{
printf ("[");
if (modifiers & right) printf ("right");
if (modifiers & left) printf ("left");
if (modifiers & ctrl) printf ("Ctrl");
if (modifiers & alt) printf ("Alt");
printf ("]");
}
/* Print out the character read */
if (Isalnum (Key & 0xFF))
printf ("'%c ' \ n", key);
Else
printf ("% #02x \ n", key);
return 0;
} function Name: Biosmemory
Function: Returns the storage block size
Usage: int biosmemory (void);
Program Example: #include <stdio.h>
#include <bios.h> int main (void)
{
int memory_size; Memory_size = Biosmemory (); /* Returns value up to 640K */
printf ("RAM size =%dk\n", memory_size);
return 0;
}
Function Name: Biosprint
Function: Printer I/o directly using the BIOS service
Usage: int biosprint (int cmd, int byte, int port);
Program Example: #include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <bios.h> int main (void)
{
#define STATUS 2/* Printer status Command */
#define PORTNUM 0/* Port number for LPT1 */int status, abyte=0; printf ("Please turn off your printer. Press any key to continue\n ");
Getch ();
Status = Biosprint (status, Abyte, Portnum);
if (Status & 0x01)
printf ("Device time out.\n");
if (Status & 0x08)
printf ("I/O error.\n"); if (Status & 0x10)
printf ("selected.\n");
if (Status & 0x20)
printf ("Out of paper.\n"); if (Status & 0x40)
printf ("acknowledge.\n");
if (Status & 0x80)
printf ("Not busy.\n"); return 0;
}
Function Name: Biostime
Function: Read or SET BIOS time
Usage: long biostime (int cmd, long newtime);
Program Example: #include <stdio.h>
#include <bios.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <conio.h> int main (void)
{
Long Bios_time; CLRSCR ();
cprintf ("The number of the clock ticks since Midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf ("The number of seconds since Midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf ("The number of minutes since Midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf ("The number of hours since Midnight is:\r\n");
cprintf ("\r\npress any key to quit:");
while (!kbhit ())
{
Bios_time = Biostime (0, 0L); Gotoxy (50, 1);
cprintf ("%lu", bios_time); Gotoxy (50, 2);
cprintf ("%.4f", BIOS_TIME/CLK_TCK); Gotoxy (50, 3);
cprintf ("%.4f", BIOS_TIME/CLK_TCK/60); Gotoxy (50, 4);
cprintf ("%.4f", bios_time/clk_tck/3600);
}
return 0;
}
Function Name: BRK
Function: Change data segment space allocation
Usage: int brk (void *endds);
Program Example: #include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h> int main (void)
{
Char *ptr; printf ("Changing allocation with BRK () \ n");
ptr = malloc (1);
printf ("Before BRK () Call:%lu bytes free\n", Coreleft ());
BRK (ptr+1000);
printf ("After BRK () Call:%lu bytes free\n", Coreleft ());
return 0;
}
Function Name: bsearch
Function: Search by dichotomy
Usage: void *bsearch (const void *key, const void *base, size_t *nelem,
size_t width, int (*fcmp) (const void *, const *));
Program Example: #include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h> #define NELEMS (arr) (sizeof (ARR)/sizeof (arr[0)) int numarray[] = {123, 145, 512, 627, 800, 933 }; int numeric (const int *P1, const int *P2)
{
Return (*P1-*P2);
} int lookup (int key)
{
int *itemptr; /* The cast of (Int (*) (const void *,const void*))
is needed to avoid a type mismatch error at
Compile time */
Itemptr = bsearch (&key, Numarray, Nelems (Numarray),
sizeof (int), (int (*) (const void *,const void *)) numeric);
Return (itemptr! = NULL);
} int main (void)
{
if (lookup (512))
printf ("In the table.\n");
Else
printf ("T in the table.\n"); return 0;
}
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