Common commands for Linux 3 [2]

Path of the compression and decompression command {#1 gzip command:/bin/gzip Syntax: gzip option [file] Function Description: compressed file features: 1. Only files can be compressed [not D] 2, do not retain the source file #2 gunzip/gzip-D Syntax: gunzip option [compressed file] Function Description: uncompress. GZ compressed file example: $ gunzip file1.gz #3 tar Syntax: tar option [CVF] [Directory]-C producer .tar package file-V display details [nby]-F specifies the compressed file name [by]-Z package and compression function description: package A Directory into a compressed file format: .tar.gz tar-zcvf newdir.tar.gz newdir [in this way, not all UNIX Systems Support y + D] the file command can view the file type tar command decompression Syntax: -X unpackage. tar file-V display details-F Example of decompressing a file-Z: $ tar-zxvf dir1.tar.gz #4 zip [common Windows and Linux formats by default] [source files are retained] Syntax: zip option [-R] [compressed file name] [file or directory]-r compressed directory Function Description: compressed file or directory compressed file format :. zip example: $ zip services.zip/etc/services compressed file $ zip-r test.zip/test compressed directory unzip Function Description: decompressed. Zip compressed file example: $ unzip test.zip #5 Bzip2 [the compression ratio is amazing] Syntax: Bzip2 option [-K] [file]-K. After a compressed file is generated, the original file format is retained after compression :. bz2 example: $ Bzip2-K file1 bunzip2 Syntax: bunzip2 option [-K] [compressed file]-K extract and retain the original file Function Description: Decompression example: $ bunzip2-K file1.bz2} network communication command {#1 Write Syntax: Write <User Name> Function Description: Send a message to another user, use Ctrl + D as the end example: $ write webmaster #2 wall Syntax: Wall [Message] [file name] Function Description: broadcast information to all users example: $ wall Happy New Year! #3 Ping [not the same as win, Linux always sends] Run permission: Root Syntax: Ping option IP address Function Description: test network connectivity example: # Ping 192.168.1.1 [no packet loss rate is detected, after a long period of time, the network cable may experience a packet loss rate.] If you can ping the host of the other party, note: {the network host settings of the other party are correct. Your network settings are correct, it proves that the network connection devices of your two hosts are OK. If the ping fails, you need to ping your own IP address. If the ping fails, then 98 out of 10 is not a problem with your local IP Address Settings. In this case, the network connection may be faulty, it may be because there is a problem with the host of the other party or your network device. It is not because of my network settings. The TCP/IP protocol should be okay! If you cannot ping your own IP address, you need to ping the loopback address to verify that the installation of the local TCP/IP protocol is correct! Even if you do not have a network card, you can ping the loop address as long as the TCP/IP protocol is correctly installed! Even if you cannot ping the IP address, it does not mean that the network is disconnected. It may also mean that the ARP Address is changed, or the firewall may be, you may also use a small software to block the ICMP packet response ...} option {Ping-c ip can continue your use habits of win. The default IP package is a 64-byte Ping-s 65507 IP package} #4 ifconfig execution permission: Root Syntax: ifconfig option [-A] [Nic device ID]-A displays all Nic information function description: View network settings example: # ifconfig-a NIC information, [-A can be omitted in Linux, but not in UNIX] the restart of ifconfig eth0 192.168.9.6 does not take effect, linux potential rules} ** shell application tips ** command alias input/output redirection pipeline command connector command replacement -- command alias {#1 bash application tips ------ command completion <tab> use history command command display List, and press the arrow keys "dig" and "dig" to find commands previously executed. Clear -- CTR + L Ctrl + u delete operation command line cursor all characters before histroy->! 58. There are few aliases in use #2. Example of Alias command alias: alias copy = CP alias xrm = "RM-R" view alias information: alias Delete alias: unalias copy} input/output redirection {same as standard I/O, shell predefines three file descriptions (0, 1, 2) for each process ). Corresponding to: 0 (stdin) standard input, 1 (stdout) standard output, and 2 (stderr) standard error output. #1> or> output redirection ** example: ls-L/tmp>/tmp. MSG date>/tmp. MSG <input redirection example: The contents of the wall </etc/file1 file1 file are sent out! #2 2> example of incorrect output redirection: CP-r/usr/backup/usr. bak 2>/Bak. error} numbers 0 and 1 are omitted, so now 2/usr stores the Linux core program pipeline {pipeline: Send the output of one command to another, as the input of another command. Usage: command 1 | command 2 | command 3 ...... | command n example: ls-L/etc | more ls-L/etc | grep init LS-L/etc | grep init | WC-l} command connector {#1; the separated commands are executed in sequence. #2 & There is a logic and relationship between the execution of commands before and after the command. Only after the successful execution of the command before and after the command is executed will the command be executed. #3 | There is a logic or relationship between the execution of commands before and after the command. Only | after the execution of the preceding command fails, the command after the command is executed .} Command replacement character {command replacement: Use the output of one command as the parameter of another command. Format: Command 1' command 2' [note that this is not a single quotation mark] example: ls-l 'which touch'} summarizes '#1 Linux File naming rules #2 file processing commands Linux permissions; I nodes; differences between soft and hard links; creation and deletion of files, copy, cut, and view. #3 What is the rwx permission for permission management command files and directories. #4. view the command path using the file search command, find usage and special cases, and quickly search for the file content. #5 HELP command #6 compression and decompression command. GZ, .tar.gz,. Zip, bz2, compression command features. #7 Ping, ifconfig, and user communication commands for network communication #8. Shell application skill command completion, history record, shortcut key, command alias, input/output redirection, pipeline, command connection-replacement character, escape Character. 』