Common terminal commands

Common terminal Commands

By: Lingyired in 2011-10-04 17:05:30 (original article, reprinted)

One, the file directory Class 1. Build directory: mkdir directory name 2. Delete Empty directory: RmDir directory name 3. Delete the subdirectory unconditionally: RM-RF directory name 4. Change the current directory: CD directory name (go to User's home directory: cd ~; go to the previous level directory: CD-) 5. View your own Record: PWD 6. View current directory Size: du 7. Display list of catalog files: Ls-l (-A: Increase display of hidden directories): Blue: directory; green: executable; red: compressed file; light blue: Link file; Gray: Other files; white: Bad link file 8. Browse Files: more File name. txt;less file name. txt 9. Copy file: CP source File Destination file (-r: Contains directory) 10. Find Files: (1) found (2) Locate command name 11. Link: (1) Establish hard link: ln source file Link file (-d: Create directory link) ; (2) Establish symbolic Link: ln-s source file Link file

Second, drive Mount Class 1. Check hard drive Usage: df-t-H 2. Check disk partitions: Fdisk-l 3. Mount Soft Hard light area: mount-t/dev/fdx|hdax/mnt/directory name, including: modos–fat16;vfat–fat32;ntfs– NTFS, optical drive –iso9660, support Chinese name: Mount-o iocharset=x/dev/hdax/mnt/directory name, Mount Optical drive: mount-t auto/dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom, Mount ISO file: mount-t Iso9660-o Loop Xxx.iso/path 4. Remove mount: umount/mnt/directory name, lifting all mounts: umount-a 5. File system: Mkfs-t/dev/hdxx. Among them: Ftype:ext2, ext3, swap, etc.

Third, the program installs the class

1.RPM Package Installation: (1) Install RPM-IVH somesoft.rpm (2) rpm-e somefost.rpm (3) query rpm-q somefost or Rpm-qpi somefost.rpm (where: P not installed; I contains ) (4) query after installation location: Rpm-ql somefost.rpm (5) Upgrade installation: Rpm-uvh somesoft.rpm (6) Forced installation: Rpm-ivh–nodeps somesoft.rpm or RPM-IVH–NODEP S–force somesoft.rpm

2. Source Code Package Installation:

Check the Readme

Basic usage: (1) Configuration: Extract directory under./configure (2) Compile: Extract directory make (3) Installation: Extract the directory make install

Installation of 3.src.rpm

You need to use the Rpmbuild command plus the –rebuild parameter. such as Rpmbuild–rebuild ***.src.rpm. and find it under the/usr/src/.

FC3 ISO program installation: System-config-packages–isodir=iso directory

RH under ISO program installation: Redhat-config-packages–isodir=iso directory

IV, compression decompression class 1.tar.gz: (1) Decompression: Tar-xvzf file. tar.gz (2) tar.gz to tar:gzip-d file. tar.gz (2) Compression: gzip Compressed file 2.tar uncompressed class: (1) Unpacking: TAR-XVF Files. Tar; (2) Packing: TAR-CVF files. tar file list 3.zip class: (1) Extract: Unzip file. zip-d dir; (2) Compression: Zip ZipFile to be compressed file list 4.bz2 class: (1) Extract: Bunzip2 file. bz2 or bzip2-d file. bz2 (2) Compression: Bzip2 to be compressed file 5.z class: (1) Decompression: uncompress file. Z; (2) Compression: Compress file

Five, Process Control class

1. List the current process Id:ps-auxw

2. Terminate process: (1) Terminate a single process: Kill Process ID Number (2) terminate the program All processes: Killall program name (3) Terminate X-window program: Xkill

3. View Resource Usage: (1) Top (2) Free (3) DMESG

4. View environment variable Value: ENV

5. Restart: (1) Reboot (2) Ctrl Alt Del (3) Init 6

6. Shutdown: (1) Shutdown-h now (2) halt (3) Init 0

7. Switch Desktop: Switchdesk gnome| Kde| ...

Six, the program runs the class

1. Query command: Whereis command name

2. Background Run X-window Program: Program Name &

3. Forcibly quit the X-window program: Ctrl Alt Backspace

4. View Help: (1) Concise help: command name –help | Less (2) More assistance: Man command name (3) Info command name (4) Help command name

5. View system path: Echo $PATH

6. View the current shell stack: Echo $SHLVL

7.</: input/output redirect; |: Pipe left input is pipe right input

Seven, the user account Class 1. Increase user account number: (1) User name: AddUser user account name (2) Set Password: passwd user account name 2. Delete user account: Userdel user account name 3. Add user group: Groupadd user group: 4 L User Group name