Double-Layer tcp ip protocol

We all know that the tcp ip protocol is the basic network protocol. Therefore, the basic transmission in the network relies on this protocol. However, it is also divided into a double-layer structure, so we do not know whether it is clear. So let's take a look at the tcp ip protocol.

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communication language or Protocol in the Internet.

It is also used as a communication protocol in a private network, whether it is an intranet or an external network. When you connect directly to the network, your computer will have a copy of the TCP/IP program. At this time, the computer receiving the information you sent should also have a copy of the TCP/IP program.

The TCP/IP protocol is a two-tier program.

◆ The top layer is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). It is responsible for assembling information or files into smaller packages. These packets are transmitted to the TCP layer of the receiving end through the network, and the TCP layer of the receiving end restores the packet to the original file.

◆ The lower layer is the Internet Protocol IP address. It processes the IP address of each package so that these packets reach the destination correctly. The Gateway computer on the network selects routes based on the information address. Even though the subcontracting routes from the same file may be different, they will eventually converge at the destination.

The tcp ip protocol uses the client to communicate with the server. TCP/IP communication is point-to-point, meaning that communication is between one host in the network and another host.

The tcp ip protocol is "stateless" between the upper-layer applications, because each client request is regarded as a new request unrelated to the previous request. It is the "stateless" between them that releases the network path so that everyone can continuously use the network. Note that the TCP layer itself is not stateless .)

Many users are familiar with high-level application protocols using the tcp ip protocol. Including Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for the World Wide Web, file transfer protocol (FTP), Telnet, which allows you to log on to a remote computer), and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP ). These protocols are usually packaged together with the tcp ip protocol.

Personal computers connected to the network using analog phone modem usually use serial line IP protocol SLIP) and Point-to-Point Protocol PPP ). These protocols are encapsulated in the IP package so that they can be sent to the access provider's modem through a dial-up connection.

The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is used to replace the tcp ip protocol for special purposes. Other protocols used by network hosts to exchange route information include Internet Control Information Protocol (ICMP), Internal Gateway Protocol (IGP), external Gateway Protocol (EGP), and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP ).