Address: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa390421%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
To call a provider Method
- Initialize com parameters with a call
Coinitializeex.For more information, see
Initializing COM for a WMI application.
- Initialize com process security by calling
Coinitializesecurity.
Windows 2000:Specify the default authentication credentials for a user by using
Sole_authentication_listStructure in the pauthlist parameter
Coinitializesecurity.
For more information, see
Setting the default process security level using C ++.
- Obtain the initial locator to WMI by calling
Cocreateinstance.For more information, see
Creating a connection to a WMI namespace.
- Obtain a pointer
IwbemservicesFor the root \ cimv2 namespace on the local computer by callingIwbemlocator: connectserver. To connect to a remote
Computer, seeexample: Getting WMI data from a remote computer.For more information, see
Creating a connection to a WMI namespace.
- Set
IwbemservicesProxy Security so the WMI Service can impersonate the client by callingCosetproxyblanket.For more information, see
Setting the security levels on a WMI connection.
- Use
IwbemservicesPointer to make requests to WMI. This example usesIwbemservices: execmethodTo call the provider Method
Win32_process: Create.For more information about making requests to WMI, see
Manipulating class and instance information and
Calling a method.
If the provider method has any in-parameters or out-parameters, then values of the parameters must be givenIwbemclassobjectPointers.
In-parameters, you must spawn an instance of the in-parameter definitions, and then set the values of these new instances.Win32_process: Create
Method requires a value forCommandLineIn-parameter to execute properly.
The following code example creates
IwbemclassobjectPointer, spawns a new instance of
Win32_process: CreateIn-parameter definitions, and then sets the value ofCommandLineIn-parameter to notepad.exe.
C ++// Set up to call the Win32_Process::Create methodBSTR MethodName = SysAllocString(L"Create");BSTR ClassName = SysAllocString(L"Win32_Process");IWbemClassObject* pClass = NULL;hres = pSvc->GetObject(ClassName, 0, NULL, &pClass, NULL);IWbemClassObject* pInParamsDefinition = NULL;hres = pClass->GetMethod(MethodName, 0, &pInParamsDefinition, NULL);IWbemClassObject* pClassInstance = NULL;hres = pInParamsDefinition->SpawnInstance(0, &pClassInstance);// Create the values for the in-parametersVARIANT varCommand;varCommand.vt = VT_BSTR;varCommand.bstrVal = L"notepad.exe";// Store the value for the in-parametershres = pClassInstance->Put(L"CommandLine", 0, &varCommand, 0);wprintf(L"The command is: %s\n", V_BSTR(&varCommand));
The following code example shows how
Win32_process: CreateMethod Out-parameters are given to
IwbemclassobjectPointer. The out-parameter value is obtained withIwbemclassobject: GetMethod and stored in
VariantVariable so that it can be displayed to the user.
C ++// Execute MethodIWbemClassObject* pOutParams = NULL;hres = pSvc->ExecMethod(ClassName, MethodName, 0, NULL, pClassInstance, &pOutParams, NULL);VARIANT varReturnValue;hres = pOutParams->Get(_bstr_t(L"ReturnValue"), 0, &varReturnValue, NULL, 0);
The following code example shows how to call a provider Method Using WMI.
C ++
#define _WIN32_DCOM#include <iostream>using namespace std;#include <comdef.h>#include <Wbemidl.h># pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")int main(int iArgCnt, char ** argv){ HRESULT hres; // Step 1: -------------------------------------------------- // Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------ hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED); if (FAILED(hres)) { cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl; return 1; // Program has failed. } // Step 2: -------------------------------------------------- // Set general COM security levels -------------------------- // Note: If you are using Windows 2000, you must specify - // the default authentication credentials for a user by using // a SOLE_AUTHENTICATION_LIST structure in the pAuthList ---- // parameter of CoInitializeSecurity ------------------------ hres = CoInitializeSecurity( NULL, -1, // COM negotiates service NULL, // Authentication services NULL, // Reserved RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation NULL, // Authentication info EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities NULL // Reserved ); if (FAILED(hres)) { cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl; CoUninitialize(); return 1; // Program has failed. } // Step 3: --------------------------------------------------- // Obtain the initial locator to WMI ------------------------- IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL; hres = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *) &pLoc); if (FAILED(hres)) { cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object. " << "Err code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl; CoUninitialize(); return 1; // Program has failed. } // Step 4: --------------------------------------------------- // Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL; // Connect to the local root\cimv2 namespace // and obtain pointer pSvc to make IWbemServices calls. hres = pLoc->ConnectServer( _bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0, &pSvc ); if (FAILED(hres)) { cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl; pLoc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); return 1; // Program has failed. } cout << "Connected to ROOT\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl; // Step 5: -------------------------------------------------- // Set security levels for the proxy ------------------------ hres = CoSetProxyBlanket( pSvc, // Indicates the proxy to set RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx NULL, // Server principal name RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx NULL, // client identity EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities ); if (FAILED(hres)) { cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl; pSvc->Release(); pLoc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); return 1; // Program has failed. } // Step 6: -------------------------------------------------- // Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI ---- // set up to call the Win32_Process::Create method BSTR MethodName = SysAllocString(L"Create"); BSTR ClassName = SysAllocString(L"Win32_Process"); IWbemClassObject* pClass = NULL; hres = pSvc->GetObject(ClassName, 0, NULL, &pClass, NULL); IWbemClassObject* pInParamsDefinition = NULL; hres = pClass->GetMethod(MethodName, 0, &pInParamsDefinition, NULL); IWbemClassObject* pClassInstance = NULL; hres = pInParamsDefinition->SpawnInstance(0, &pClassInstance); // Create the values for the in parameters VARIANT varCommand; varCommand.vt = VT_BSTR; varCommand.bstrVal = L"notepad.exe"; // Store the value for the in parameters hres = pClassInstance->Put(L"CommandLine", 0, &varCommand, 0); wprintf(L"The command is: %s\n", V_BSTR(&varCommand)); // Execute Method IWbemClassObject* pOutParams = NULL; hres = pSvc->ExecMethod(ClassName, MethodName, 0, NULL, pClassInstance, &pOutParams, NULL); if (FAILED(hres)) { cout << "Could not execute method. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl; VariantClear(&varCommand); SysFreeString(ClassName); SysFreeString(MethodName); pClass->Release(); pInParamsDefinition->Release(); pOutParams->Release(); pSvc->Release(); pLoc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); return 1; // Program has failed. } // To see what the method returned, // use the following code. The return value will // be in &varReturnValue VARIANT varReturnValue; hres = pOutParams->Get(_bstr_t(L"ReturnValue"), 0, &varReturnValue, NULL, 0); // Clean up //-------------------------- VariantClear(&varCommand); VariantClear(&varReturnValue); SysFreeString(ClassName); SysFreeString(MethodName); pClass->Release(); pInParamsDefinition->Release(); pOutParams->Release(); pLoc->Release(); pSvc->Release(); CoUninitialize(); return 0;}