File System Organization Structure (FHS)

FHS: filesystem Hierarchy Standard file system organization structure Standard

Directory	Description
/	Level 1 StructureThe root directory of the entire file system hierarchy.
/Bin/	Necessary commands (executable files) that need to be available in single-user mode; for all users,For example: CAT, ls, CP. (Commands available to all users)
/Boot/	Bootstrap file,For example:Kernel, initrd; is often a separate Partition
/Dev/	Necessary equipment,For example:,/Dev/null. (CDROM, zero, DVD, SDA, hda)
/Etc/	Configuration files for specific hosts and systems.
/Etc/opt/	/Opt/Configuration File
/Etc/X11/	X Window System (Version 11) configuration file
/Etc/SGML/	SGML configuration file
/Etc/XML/	Xml configuration file
/Home/	The user's home directory, including stored files and personal settings, is generally a separate partition.
/Lib/	/Bin/And/Sbin/Binary files.
/Media/	A mount point that removes a media, such as a CD-ROM, that appears in a FHS-2.3 ).
/Mnt/	File System.
/Opt/	Optional application software packages.
/Proc/	The Virtual File System archives the kernel and Process status as text files.For example:Uptime and network. (System tuning involves this part)
/Root/	Home Directory of Super Users
/Sbin/	Necessary system binary files,For example:Init, IP, and mount. (System management commands)
/Srv/	The specific site data is provided by the system.
/Tmp/	Temporary files (see/Var/tmpFiles in the directory will not be retained when the system restarts.
/Usr/	Used to store read-only user dataLevel 2; Contains the vast majority of (multiple) user tools and applications. (Read_only, software)
/Usr/bin/	Optional executable files (not required in single-user mode) for all users.
/Usr/include/	Standard inclusion file.
/Usr/lib/	/Usr/bin/And/Usr/sbin/.
/Usr/sbin/	Unnecessary system binary files, such as Daemon Processes for a large number of network services.
/Usr/share/	Architecture-independent (shared) data.
/Usr/src/	Source code,For example:Kernel source code and header files.
/Usr/x11r6/	X Window System Version 11, release 6.
/Usr/local/	Local DataLevel 3, Specific to this host. There are further subdirectories,For example:Bin/,LIB/,Share/.
/Var/	Variable files-files with constantly changing content in a running system, such as logs, offline files, and temporary email files. It is sometimes a separate partition.
/Var/Cache/	The application caches data. This data is a time-consuming I/O or computing result generated locally. The application must be able to regenerate or recover data. Cached files can be deleted without data loss.
/Var/lib/	Status information. Persistent data maintained by the program during operation.For example:Database and packaged system metadata.
/Var/lock/	Lock files, a type of files that track the resources currently in use.
/Var/log/	A log file that contains a large number of log files.
/Var/mail/	The user's email address.
/Var/spool/	Offline file of the task to be processed,For example:Print the queue and unread emails. (Queue data)
/Var/spool/mail/	Users' email addresses (unsupported storage locations)
/Var/tmp/	Temporary files that can be retained during system restart.
/Run	Information about the system running since the last startup,For example:The currently logged on user and the running daemon.

/Dev Device File

Character devices: Linear access to the keyboard, mouse, and display

Block device: Random Access to the hard disk

Special devices: main device number (Major), secondary device number (minor)

Tty, zero, null, Pt/1...

Library files required for executable files (that is, commands) in/lib/bin and/sbin

Dynamic library: *. DLL for Windows, *. So for Linux

Static Library:

/Lost + found fragment files generated by abnormal operations should be saved normally without files.

/MISC Miscellaneous

/Sys pseudo file system, property ing file related to system devices

/Tmp temporary file, pay attention to the special permission bit t permission bit

/Run/var/run stores information about the system running after startup.

/Usr shared, read_only, (UNIX Software Resource)

File System Organization Structure (FHS)